The Detection of the Pipe Crack Utilizing the Operational Modal Strain Identified from Fiber Bragg Grating

Wang, Zechao; Liu, Mingyao; Qu, Yongzhi; Wei, Qin; Zhou, Zude; Tan, Yuegang; Hong, Liu; Song, Han

doi:10.3390/s19112556

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In addition, Radzieński et al utilized a laser vibrometer to detect hidden damage in composite plates and it was verified that the material independency of the non-destructive method is an advantage of the technique [23]. Regarding a pipe as an example of the structural types widely used for offshore and aerospace structures, additionally, Wang et al briefly summed up recent research trends and issues for sensing and data processing, for instance, saturation and electromagnetic interference of piezoelectric transducers as well as wiring [24]. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors were considered as the alternative way instead of electronic sensors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Health Monitoring with Sensor Data and Cosine Similarity for Multi-Damages

Kim

Min²,

Kim³

et al. 2019

Sensors

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There is a large risk of damage, triggered by harsh ocean environments, associated with offshore structures, so structural health monitoring plays an important role in preventing the occurrence of critical and global structural failure from such damage. However, obstacles, such as applicability in the field and increasing calculation costs with increasing structural complexity, remain for real-time structure monitoring offshore. Therefore, this study proposes the comparison of cosine similarity with sensor data to overcome such challenges. As the comparison target, this method uses the rate of changes of natural frequencies before and after the occurrence of various damage scenarios, including not only single but multiple damages, which are organized by the experiment technique design. The comparison method alerts to the occurrence of damage using a normalized warning index, which enables workers to manage the risk of damage. By comparison, moreover, the case most similar with the current status is directly figured out without any additional analysis between monitoring and damage identification, which renders the damage identification process simpler. Plus, the averaged rate of errors in detection is suggested to evaluate the damage level more precisely, if needed. Therefore, this method contributes to the application of real-time structural health monitoring for offshore structures by providing an approach to improve the usability of the proposed technique.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Health Monitoring with Sensor Data and Cosine Similarity for Multi-Damages

Kim

Min²,

Kim³

et al. 2019

Sensors

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“…Then, a unique solution for η i and M r is estimated for each arbitrary-scaled SMS vector ψ ε i by solving Equation (10). Although η i can be obtained by the above procedure, the mass normalization factor r i cannot be identified through Equation (11). However, the ratio γ i between r 2 i and r 2 1 can be equivalent to that of η i and η 1 .…”

Section: Definition Of Psfmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Equation (35), the PSFM can be estimated from natural frequencies and arbitrary-scaled SMSs, which are liable to be contaminated with measurement noise in practice. To evaluate the robustness of the proposed damage detection method, the first six natural frequencies and SMSs of the numerical model of the plate have been corrupted with a random noise as follows [11,23]:…”

Section: Case 1: the Simulation Model Constructed In Femmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some damage indexes completely rely on the shift in natural frequencies [6,7], displacement mode shapes [8,9] and strain mode shapes (SMSs) [10]. To enhance or extend these methods, some researchers use the derivative of natural frequencies [11] and mode shapes [12], and integrate them to form some new damage indexes (i.e., modal assurance criteria [13], coordinate modal assurance criteria [14], and modal strain energy [15,16]). Moreover, the subspace-based damage indicators are also employed to conduct the damage detection [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Output-Only Damage Detection in Plate-Like Structures Based on Proportional Strain Flexibility Matrix

Yun

Liu

et al. 2020

Sensors

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For engineering structures, strain flexibility-based approaches have been widely used for structural health monitoring purposes with prominent advantages. However, the applicability and robustness of the method need to be further improved. In this paper, a novel damage index based on differences in uniform load strain field (ULSF) is developed for plate-like structures. When estimating ULSF, the strain flexibility matrix (SFM) based on mass-normalized strain mode shapes (SMSs) is needed. However, the mass-normalized strain mode shapes (SMSs) are complicated and difficult to obtain when the input, i.e., the excitation, is unknown. To address this issue, the proportional strain flexibility matrix (PSFM) and its simplified construction procedure are proposed and integrated into the frames of ULSF, which can be easily obtained when the input is unknown. The identification accuracy of the method under the damage with different locations and degrees is validated by the numerical examples and experimental examples. Both the numerical and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method provides a reliable tool for output-only damage detection of plate-like structures without estimating the mass-normalized strain mode shapes (SMSs).

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“…The use of FBG sensors in dynamic characteristics evaluation of hydraulic pipes intended for the aerospace engineering is recommended according to studies [7,8]. According to the presented findings, the use of FBG sensors has a high potential in terms of evaluating modal properties and detecting cracks in small and light-weight pipes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Modal properties diagnostics of the high-pressure fuel injection pipes in off-road diesel engine

Otipka¹,

Zajac²,

Prokop³

et al. 2021

J. meas. eng.

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Injection systems of modern commercial vehicle power units are still a frequent topic for development engineers in terms of durability and reliability. Therefore, the content of this study is just an investigation of the dynamic behaviour of high-pressure injection pipes of a four-cylinder combustion engine. The modal properties of the injection tubes are evaluated by experimental modal analysis (EMA). Another phase of the measurements is the sensing and analysing of the acceleration on each injection pipe during the engine speed ramp in the entire range of the speed spectrum. There was investigated the modal behaviour of the structure to the operational character of the excitation. The work includes a numerical model established by finite element method (FEM), where the boundary conditions correspond to the real installation of injection pipes from the measurement. The modal properties of injection pipes were primarily investigated through the numerical approach, several variants of pipe attachments were considered in simulations. Comparing the FEM results of different pipe attachments, the suitability of the clamp position with respect to the specific installation in the power unit from the measurement is discussed. From the evaluated results, it is possible to assume the dynamic behaviour of the high-pressure injection pipe in the power unit. Based on the performed analyses, the critical mode shapes of the injection pipes are described considering the engine operating condition. When the engine speed frequency and some pipe eigen frequency interfere together, it is undesirable state. In many cases, this leads to a crack initiation and subsequent damage of the injection pipes during the cyclic load. The presented results and conclusions in this study should improve the overall knowledge on high-pressure fuel pipes in terms of modal properties and its vibration behaviour during operating condition.

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The Detection of the Pipe Crack Utilizing the Operational Modal Strain Identified from Fiber Bragg Grating

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Structural Health Monitoring with Sensor Data and Cosine Similarity for Multi-Damages

Structural Health Monitoring with Sensor Data and Cosine Similarity for Multi-Damages

Output-Only Damage Detection in Plate-Like Structures Based on Proportional Strain Flexibility Matrix

Modal properties diagnostics of the high-pressure fuel injection pipes in off-road diesel engine

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