The determination of the total mass attenuation coefficients and the effective atomic numbers for concentrated colemanite and Emet colemanite clay

İçelli, Orhan; Yalçın, Zeynel; Okutan, Mustafa; Boncukçuoğlu, Recep; Şen, Adem

doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2011.06.003

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Serpentine contains crystallized water in its structure and is very stable even at high temperatures compared to goethite and limonite [ 76 ]. Colemanite has a monoclinic crystal structure with a chemical formula of 2CaO.3B 2 O 3 .5H 2 O, and it contains hydrogen and boron [ 82 ]. Colemanite is the main source in the production of borax and boric acid.…”

Section: Alternative Materials Used In Rscmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of light elements such as hydrogen provides a cross section for the elastic collision with neutrons, which contributes to the overall increment in ∑ R (E n ). Colemanite is a type of mineral that contains hydrogen, whose monoclinic crystal structure has a chemical formula of 2CaO.3B 2 O 3 .5H 2 O, and boron, which makes colemanite the prime source for borax and boric acid production [ 82 ]. Boron atoms have a large cross section, which is beneficial for neutron absorption and interaction [ 167 ].…”

Section: Radiation Shieldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Trends in Advanced Radiation Shielding Concrete for Construction of Facilities: Materials and Properties

et al. 2022

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Nuclear energy offers a wide range of applications, which include power generation, X-ray imaging, and non-destructive tests, in many economic sectors. However, such applications come with the risk of harmful radiation, thereby requiring shielding to prevent harmful effects on the surrounding environment and users. Concrete has long been used as part of structures in nuclear power plants, X-ray imaging rooms, and radioactive storage. The direction of recent research is headed toward concrete’s ability in attenuating harmful energy radiated from nuclear sources through various alterations to its composition. Radiation shielding concrete (RSC) is a composite-based concrete that was developed in the last few years with heavy natural aggregates such as magnetite or barites. RSC is deemed a superior alternative to many types of traditional normal concrete in terms of shielding against the harmful radiation, and being economical and moldable. Given the merits of RSCs, this article presents a comprehensive review on the subject, considering the classifications, alternative materials, design additives, and type of heavy aggregates used. This literature review also provides critical reviews on RSC performance in terms of radiation shielding characteristics, mechanical strength, and durability. In addition, this work extensively reviews the trends of development research toward a broad understanding of the application possibilities of RSC as an advanced concrete product for producing a robust and green concrete composite for the construction of radiation shielding facilities as a better solution for protection from sources of radiation. Furthermore, this critical review provides a view of the progress made on RSCs and proposes avenues for future research on this hotspot research topic.

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Section: Alternative Materials Used In Rscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radiation Shieldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Advanced Radiation Shielding Concrete for Construction of Facilities: Materials and Properties

et al. 2022

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“…Using the total mass attenuation coefficients of a material, the total atomic cross-section, σa, can be evaluated by the following relation (Manohara et al, 2008a(Manohara et al, , 2008bAkkurt, 2009;Elmahroug et al, 2015;Akkurt and El-Khayatt, 2013b;Gowda et al, 2004Gowda et al, , 2005Içelli et. al., 2011;Prasad et al, 1998) …”

Section: Theoretical Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effective atomic number Zeff can be obtained from the ratio between the total atomic effective cross-section and the total electronic effective cross-section as the following equation (Manohara et al, 2008a(Manohara et al, , 2008bAkkurt, 2009;Elmahroug et al, 2015;Akkurt and El-Khayatt, 2013b;Gowda et al, 2004Gowda et al, , 2005Içelli et al, 2011;Kaur et al, 2000) ( 5) The effective electron number (Neff) (the electrons number per unit mass, electron/g) can be calculated from the following equation (Manohara et al, 2008a(Manohara et al, , 2008bAkkurt, 2009;Elmahroug et al, 2015;Akkurt and El-Khayatt, 2013b;Gowda et al, 2004Gowda et al, , 2005Içelli et al, 2011) ( )…”

Section: Theoretical Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial and total mass attenuation coefficients, effective atomic number and effective electron number of different Maraging steel compositions

Reda¹,

Halfa²

2017

Int. J. Phys. Sci.

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The total and partial mass attenuation coefficients for different Maraging steel compositions have been determined by using the WinXCom and MCNP5 programs. The effective atomic number, Z eff , and effective electron number, N eff , for the studied steels have been determined via the total mass attenuation coefficients μ/ρ, the total atomic and electronic cross sections (σ a and σ e ) of the investigated steels. The shielding parameters μ/ρ, Z eff , and N eff have been calculated at the incident photon energy range of 1 keV-100 MeV. The calculated results of total and partial mass attenuation coefficients, the effective atomic number and the effective electron number by using MCNP5 program were found to be in good agreement with the theoretical results of the WinXCom program. The calculated data clarify that the different steel compositions under investigation have so far the same ability of gamma attenuation. Also, it was found that the total mass attenuation coefficients of the different investigated steels (cobalt free-Maraging steels) are comparable to the C250 standard steel (cobalt Maraging steel).

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“…1 Boron is one of the most important raw materials in industry, but does not exist in a free state in nature; it occurs naturally combined with oxygen and other elements in compounds such as sodium, calcium and magnesium borates. 2 Borate minerals generally occur along with calcite, dolomite, gypsum, realgar, orpiment, anhydrite and sulfur. 3 Boron minerals contain many clay minerals such as montmorillonite, illite, chlorite and hectorite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Leaching Kinetics of Ulexite Waste in Oxalic Acid Solutions

Bayça¹

2014

Chem.Biochem.Eng.Q.

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The dissolution of ulexite waste in oxalic acid solutions was studied in a batch reactor after characterization of the waste by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The dissolution parameters in this study were acid concentration, stirring rate, and reaction temperature. The experimental data were examined using homogeneous and heterogeneous kinetic models, and the dissolution kinetics of the waste was determined to be a first-order reaction control model. The activation energy of ulexite waste in oxalic acid solution was also calculated. It was observed that the dissolution rate increased with increasing reaction temperature, stirring rate and acid concentration. The kinetic model of the dissolution process was determined to be a first-order reaction control model. The activation energy was found to be 41.09 kJ mol -1 .

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The determination of the total mass attenuation coefficients and the effective atomic numbers for concentrated colemanite and Emet colemanite clay

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Recent Trends in Advanced Radiation Shielding Concrete for Construction of Facilities: Materials and Properties

Recent Trends in Advanced Radiation Shielding Concrete for Construction of Facilities: Materials and Properties

Partial and total mass attenuation coefficients, effective atomic number and effective electron number of different Maraging steel compositions

Investigation of Leaching Kinetics of Ulexite Waste in Oxalic Acid Solutions

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