The determination of uranium in natural waters at ppb levels by thin-film x-ray fluorescence spectrometry after coprecipitation with an iron dibenzyldithiocarbamate carrier complex

Caravajal, G.S.; Mahan, Kent I.; Leyden, Donald E.

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)93901-7

Cited by 22 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The most common approach for uranium exposure assessment is urine analysis. The current methods for the determination of uranium in environmental and biological samples include ␣-spectrometry, [10][11][12][13] ␥-ray spectrometry, 14 fluorescence spectrometry, 15 thermal ionizationmass spectrometry, 16,17 and kinetic phosphorescence analysis (KPA). 18 The determination of 236 U by resonance ion mass spectrometry or accelerator mass spectrometry may also be used as a monitor for uranium exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Depleted Uranium in Urine via Isotope Ratio Measurements Using Large-Bore Direct Injection High Efficiency Nebulizer—Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Westphal

McLean²,

Hakspiel³

et al. 2004

Appl Spectrosc

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Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), coupled with a large-bore direct injection high efficiency nebulizer (LB-DIHEN), was utilized to determine the concentration and isotopic ratio of uranium in 11 samples of synthetic urine spiked with varying concentrations and ratios of uranium isotopes. Total U concentrations and (235)U/(238)U isotopic ratios ranged from 0.1 to 10 microg/L and 0.0011 and 0.00725, respectively. The results are compared with data from other laboratories that used either alpha-spectrometry or quadrupole-based ICP-MS with a conventional nebulizer-spray chamber arrangement. Severe matrix effects due to the high total dissolved solid content of the samples resulted in a 60 to 80% loss of signal intensity, but were compensated for by using (233)U as an internal standard. Accurate results were obtained with LB-DIHEN-ICP-MS, allowing for the positive identification of depleted uranium based on the (235)U/(238)U ratio. Precision for the (235)U/(238)U ratio is typically better than 5% and 15% for ICP-MS and alpha-spectrometry, respectively, determined over the concentrations and ratios investigated in this study, with the LB-DIHEN-ICP-MS system providing the most accurate results. Short-term precision (6 min) for the individual (235)U and (238)U isotopes in synthetic urine is better than 2% (N = 7), compared to approximately 5% for conventional nebulizer-spray chamber arrangements and >10% for alpha-spectrometry. The significance of these measurements is discussed for uranium exposure assessment of Persian Gulf War veterans affected by depleted uranium ammunitions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Depleted Uranium in Urine via Isotope Ratio Measurements Using Large-Bore Direct Injection High Efficiency Nebulizer—Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Westphal

McLean²,

Hakspiel³

et al. 2004

Appl Spectrosc

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“…This is a relatively simple method that offers the advantage of giving a fairly uniform deposit that can be easily collected. Other coprecipitants have been described, including the use of iron dibenzyl dithiocarbamate for the determination of uranium at the ppb level in natural waters [32], and polyvinyl pyr-rolidone-thionalide for the determination of iron, copper, zinc, selenium, cadmium, tellurium, mercury, and lead in waste and natural water samples [33]. One of the more popular coprecipitants in use today is ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC).…”

Section: Preconcentration Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specimen Preparation and Presentation

Jenkins¹

1999

X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

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“…A limited number of studies have been reported on the trace elemental determinations in waters by using XRFS. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Most of these XRFS methods are based on selective preconcentration of analytes of interest by coprecipitation with a carrier, such as Fe 31 , Co 21 , Mo 21 , or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDC); ltration of the precipitate to form a thin layer; and analysis of the thin layer by XRFS. This coprecipitation method has been used for trace metal analysis with other detection m ethods, especially neutron activation analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Low Parts-per-Billion Level Pb and as in Waters Using Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

2001

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A simple method is described for the simultaneous determination of low parts-per-billion levels of As and Pb in waters. The method is based on the preconcentration of analytes by adsorbing them onto hydrous ferric hydroxide (HFO) impregnated into the 13 mm diameter area at the center of 32 mm diameter circular disks cut from Whatman filter papers. The adsorbed analytes are determined by using thin-layer energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The X-ray intensity of As and Pb adsorbed onto HFO is linearly proportional to the concentration up to 80 μg/L. The precision of the method is ∼ 0.5–5%, and the method detection limit for Pb and As in seawater is 0.63 and 0.21 μg/L, respectively. The method was validated by analyzing the certified reference materials SLRS-3 (riverine water), CASS-4 (nearshore seawater), and NASS-5 (offshore seawater) for As. The adsorption characteristics of Pb, As(III), As(V), Se(IV), Se(VI), and Hg onto the HFO impregnated disks, the interspecies adsorption effects, and the use of the standard addition method to compensate for matrix effects are also presented.

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The determination of uranium in natural waters at ppb levels by thin-film x-ray fluorescence spectrometry after coprecipitation with an iron dibenzyldithiocarbamate carrier complex

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Determination of Depleted Uranium in Urine via Isotope Ratio Measurements Using Large-Bore Direct Injection High Efficiency Nebulizer—Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Determination of Depleted Uranium in Urine via Isotope Ratio Measurements Using Large-Bore Direct Injection High Efficiency Nebulizer—Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Specimen Preparation and Presentation

Simultaneous Determination of Low Parts-per-Billion Level Pb and as in Waters Using Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

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