The Development and Field Test of a Tactical Model of the Planktivorous Feeding of White Crappie (Pomoxis Annularis)

Wright, David; O’Brien, W. John

doi:10.2307/1942456

Cited by 129 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…3) that the light flux in the basin waters will be several orders of magnitude lower in Lurefjorden, suggesting a severe reduction in the potential for visual feeding (Giske and Aksnes 1992; Aksnes and Giske 1993; Aksnes and Utne 1997). The importance of light flux and water optics for predator-prey relations has been well documented experimentally (Vinyard and O'Brien 1976;Wright and O'Brien 1984;Montgomery et al 1989;Gregory and Northcote 1993;Thetmeyer and Kils 1995;Utne 1997) and in the field (Kaartvedt 1996;Kaartvedt et al 1996). Hence, we cannot reject the hypothesis that a much higher light absorbance in the basin water of Lurefjorden (Figs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

Fish or jellies—a question of visibility?

Eiane

Aksnes

Bagøien

et al. 1999

Limnology & Oceanography

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Light is an important limiting factor for the visual foraging process in fishes, and the light regime may potentially affect the competition between visual and tactile predators. We investigated two equal‐sized fjords of quite different pelagic food web structure. Earlier studies have revealed that the jellyfish Periphylla periphylla dominates Lurefjorden, while fish predators dominate in the other fjord, Masfjorden. Furthermore, the mesozooplankton stock of Lurefjorden is larger in both total biomass and size of the individuals. Hence, earlier hypotheses linking the competitive advantage of tactile gelatinous plankton predators to smaller sized mesozooplankton communities are unable to explain the present phenomenon. To see if the difference in the pelagic biota of the two fjords could be associated with characteristics of the light regime, we measured the light absorbance in the basin water of the two fjords. We found that, due to a slightly stronger influence of coastal water in the basin water of Lurefjorden, the exponential light absorbance coefficient below 100 m is two to three times higher there than in other fjords. This results in a reduction in light flux of several orders of magnitude, effectively reducing the possibility of visual foraging. The tactile mode of predation in jellyfish, however, is not influenced, and we hypothesize that the visibility regime has a decisive role in structuring the pelagic food webs of the two fjords.

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mentioning

confidence: 78%

Fish or jellies—a question of visibility?

Eiane

Aksnes

Bagøien

et al. 1999

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…There is general agreement that prey taken by fish will vary according to a complex interaction of factors such as density of plankton, size of prey, abihty of zooplankters to escape, intensity of light, and perception of the fish (O 'Brien 1979, Drenner & McComas 1980, Janssen 1980, Gardner 1981, Wright & O'Brien 1984, Lazzaro 1987. Accordingly, studies on selectivity of prey by fish must be carried out at a number of times when the composition of the plankton differs.…”

Section: Interrelations Between Fish and Zooplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelations between planktivorous reef fish and zooplankton in temperate waters

Kingsford¹,

MacDiarmid²

1988

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Interrelations between zooplanktivorous fish and zooplankton were examined at the Poor Knights Islands 20 km off the east coast of Northland, New Zealand from 1980 to 1983. The pomacentrid Chromis dispilus was the most abundant planktivore at all locations; high densities of other planktivores were also found. The rankings of these species varied considerably among locations. These differences may have been due in part to Caprodon longimanus (Serranidae), Scorpis violaceus (Kyphosidae), and Decapterus koheru (Carangidae) malung forays for food away from the immedate vicinity of rocky reefs. The hypothesis that fish have a localised effect on zooplankton was investigated in detail within a small reef area (-2500 m') on 7 separate occasions. Distribution patterns of planktivorous fish changed according to current direction. Fish were always most abundant on the incurrent side of the reef and within an archway during the day. Large differences in densities of zooplankton were detected along a 200 m transect where samples were taken upcurrent, within, and downcurrent of the archway during the day. Lowest zooplankton densities were usually found in the archway where planktivorous fish were abundant. At night when fish were absent from the water column, there was a trend for highest abundances of plankton within the arch, relative to upcurrent and downcurrent sites. A similar 200 m transect parallel to the arch, but 1 km offshore where planktivorous fish were absent, showed no significant differences in density of plankton along its length during the day or night. Zooplankters that showed greatest reductions in density in the vicinity of feeding fish were most abundant in the guts of C. dispilus sampled from the arch. Estimates of removal rates of zooplankters by fish based on concurrent estimates of fish densities, plankton, feeding rates, diet of fish and current speeds suggest that fish were capable of causing the measured reductions in zooplankton concentrations through the archway. The diets of C. dispilus changed among sampling occasions and corresponded partly to changes in the composition of zooplankton captured in nets. Accordingly, any effect that fish have on zooplankton may change between times. Ecological consequences of predation by fish are discussed in terms of zooplankton communities, fish, and rocky reef environments.

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“…The fact that midnight sinking takes place in complete darkness makes it unlikely that visual predation has much influence, but tactile predation may play a role since motion has been shown to increase risk of predation in a number of studies (e.g. Wright & O'Brien 1984, Torgersen 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midnight sinking behaviour in Calanus finmarchicus: a response to satiation or krill predation?

Tarling¹,

Jarvis²,

Emsley³

et al. 2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The vertical migration of Calanus finmarchicus and krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica and Thysanoessa raschii ) was monitored during the summer of 1999 in the Clyde Sea using a combination of acoustic and net sampling methods. A moored 300 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) identified a sound scattering layer (SSL) that started to ascend to the surface during the last moments of daylight. Net samples showed that the SSL was mostly composed of krill. C. finmarchicus rose to the surface in the late afternoon, causing a small but detectable increase in backscatter that did not vary in time through the summer. The ascent of krill, by contrast, became earlier as day length decreased towards autumn. Net samples showed that the strong downward Doppler velocities following the rise of the SSL was caused by the descent of C. finmarchicus. The fact that this coordinated sinking of C. finmarchicus occurred earlier towards autumn, even though the time of ascent to surface remained constant, implies that the feeding 'window' diminished over the course of the season. Feeding conditions did not become significantly better during this same period, discounting satiation as a likely cause of descent. The close temporal coupling between the arrival of krill and the subsequent descent of C. finmarchicus from the surface suggests that midnight sinking in Calanus is a response to predation. KEY WORDS: Zooplankton · Copepod · Euphausiid · Vertical migration · Clyde Sea · ADCP Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 240: [183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194] 2002 methods. This works on the principle that animals found in one depth layer contain food particles that could have only been obtained from another depth layer, proving that they must have migrated vertically at some point.The acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) is a recent technological advance that is able to obtain extra behavioural information that improves our insight into vertical migration behaviour. The instrument was designed to determine the velocity and direction of currents through the water column, but can also measure the vertical distribution and quantity of zooplankton biomass in the water column, as shown by Greenlaw (1979). The advantage of the ADCP over conventional echo sounders is its capability to estimate the velocity of zooplankton in the vertical plane through measuring Doppler shift (Pleuddeman & Pinkel 1989). Analysis of this parameter overcomes some of the problems of traditional methods because it measures the average swimming behaviour of individuals rather than the bulk movements of populations.This study uses a 300 kHz ADCP over a continuous period in the summer of 1999 in the Clyde Sea to investigate the vertical migration behaviour of zooplankton species, in particular the copepod Calanus finmarchicus and the krill species Meganyctiphanes norvegica and Thysanoessa raschii. C. finmarchicus is particularly widespread throughout most of the Nort...

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The Development and Field Test of a Tactical Model of the Planktivorous Feeding of White Crappie (Pomoxis Annularis)

Cited by 129 publications

References 41 publications

Fish or jellies—a question of visibility?

Fish or jellies—a question of visibility?

Interrelations between planktivorous reef fish and zooplankton in temperate waters

Midnight sinking behaviour in Calanus finmarchicus: a response to satiation or krill predation?

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