The development and neural basis of referential gaze perception

Senju, Atsushi; Johnson, Mark H.; Csibra, Gergely

doi:10.1080/17470910600989797

Cited by 91 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Hence, response characteristics in this task were associated with later emerging social and non-social characteristics of autism, suggesting some interdependence of social and non-social circuits early in development. This pattern is broadly consistent with the suggestion that while the P1 and N290 are sensitive to the visual analysis of face and gaze information, the P400 is associated with top-down processing of gaze information (Elsabbagh, Volein, Csibra, et al, 2009;Senju, Johnson, & Csibra, 2006). In other words, it is both the overall response to faces together with functional interpretation of gaze information in infancy which map onto the variability in autism-related characteristics in toddlerhood.…”

Section: Infants At-risk For Autism: Implications For Typical and Atysupporting

confidence: 86%

Social and attention factors during infancy and the later emergence of autism characteristics

Elsabbagh¹,

Holmboe²,

Gliga³

et al. 2011

Progress in Brain Research

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Section: Infants At-risk For Autism: Implications For Typical and Atysupporting

confidence: 86%

Social and attention factors during infancy and the later emergence of autism characteristics

Elsabbagh¹,

Holmboe²,

Gliga³

et al. 2011

Progress in Brain Research

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“…While this finding indicates that infants expect a referent object for a gaze shift, neuroimaging studies demonstrated that adults would also hold the opposite expectation: that gaze shifts would be directed towards the sole object on the scene (Pelphrey et al, 2003(Pelphrey et al, , 2005. Although event-related potential studies suggest that this might also be true for infants (Senju, Johnson, & Csibra, 2006), there has been no behavioural evidence on this issue so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Understanding the referential nature of looking: Infants’ preference for object-directed gaze

2008

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In four experiments, we investigated whether 9-month-old infants are sensitive to the relationship between gaze direction and object location and whether this sensitivity depends on the presence of communicative cues like eye contact. Infants observed a face, which repeatedly shifted its eyes either toward, or away from, unpredictably appearing objects. We found that they looked longer at the face when the gaze shifts were congruent with the location of the object. A second experiment ruled out that this effect was simply due to spatial congruency, while a third and a fourth experiment revealed that a preceding period of eye contact is required to elicit the gaze-object congruency effect. These results indicate that infants at this age can encode eye direction in referential terms in the presence of communication cues and are biased to attend to scenes with object-directed gaze.

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“…In addition to causal opacity, another factor that is thought to be important in the emergence of "efficiency blindness" and in the aforementioned selective responsiveness in imitation is whether the human demonstrator presents his/her action in an ostensive-communicative-referential manner. Recent studies on infant social cognition provide convergent evidence indicating that young preverbal infants are prone to show special sensitivity and preference for a basic set of ostensive-communicative signals (such as direct eye contact, being addressed in motherese, turn-taking contingent reactivity- Ricciardelli et al 2000;Cleveland and Striano 2007;Nielsen 2006;Senju and Csibra 2008;Yoon et al 2008) and referential cues (such as gaze-shift or pointing- Teuscher and Triesch 2007;Senju et al 2006;Grossmann et al 2008;. It has been argued that human infants are biologically prepared to interpret such cues as expressing the other's overt communicative intention towards them to convey new and relevant information about referents (see Gergely and Csibra 2006;Gergely et al 2007;Csibra and Gergely 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do dogs (Canis familiaris) select the empty container in an observational learning task?

Kupán

Miklósi

Gergely³

et al. 2010

Anim Cogn

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Many argue that dogs show unique susceptibility to human communicative signals that make them suitable for being engaged in complex co-operation with humans. It has also been revealed that socially provided information is particularly effective in influencing the behaviour of dogs even when the human's action demonstration conveys inefficient or mistaken solution of task. It is unclear, however, how the communicative nature of the demonstration context and the presence of the human demonstrator affect the dogs' objectchoice behaviour in observational learning situations. In order to unfold the effects of these factors, 76 adult pet dogs could observe a communicative or a non-communicative demonstration in which the human retrieved a tennis ball from under an opaque container while manipulating another distant and obviously empty (transparent) one. Subjects were then allowed to choose either in the presence of the demonstrator or after she left the room. Results showed a significant main effect of the demonstration context (presence or absence of the human's communicative signals), and we also found some evidence for the responsemodifying effect of the presence of the human demonstrator during the dogs' choice. That is, dogs predominantly chose the baited container, but if the demonstration context was communicative and the human was present during the dogs' choice, subjects' tendency to select the baited container has been reduced. In agreement with the studies showing sensitivity to human's communicative signals in dogs, these findings point to a special form of social influence in observational learning situations when it comes to learning about causally opaque and less efficient (compared to what comes natural to the dog) action demonstrations.

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The development and neural basis of referential gaze perception

Cited by 91 publications

References 60 publications

Social and attention factors during infancy and the later emergence of autism characteristics

Social and attention factors during infancy and the later emergence of autism characteristics

Understanding the referential nature of looking: Infants’ preference for object-directed gaze

Why do dogs (Canis familiaris) select the empty container in an observational learning task?

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