The development, fabrication, and material characterization of polypropylene composites reinforced with carbon nanofiber and hydroxyapatite nanorod hybrid fillers

Liao, Chengzhu; Wong, Hoi Man; Yeung, Kelvin Wai Kwok; Tjong, S.C.

doi:10.2147/ijn.s58332

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Novel polymer nanocomposites with enhanced chemical, thermal and mechanical properties can be designed and developed by adding functional nanofillers of unique properties [26,26,[68][69][70][71][72]280,281]. Such polymer nanocomposites show great potential for structural, electronic, environmental and biomedical engineering applications.…”

Section: Polymer/titania Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid mechanical damage to TiO 2 NPs, they are embedded in the polymeric matrices to form antibacterial nanocomposites [59][60][61][62][63][64][65]. The beneficial effects of polymers as the matrix materials of functional composites include ease of processing and good moldability, and they are inexpensive with a low density [66][67][68][69][70][71][72].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visible-Light Active Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials with Bactericidal Properties

2020

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This article provides an overview of current research into the development, synthesis, photocatalytic bacterial activity, biocompatibility and cytotoxic properties of various visible-light active titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) and their nanocomposites. To achieve antibacterial inactivation under visible light, TiO2 NPs are doped with metal and non-metal elements, modified with carbonaceous nanomaterials, and coupled with other metal oxide semiconductors. Transition metals introduce a localized d-electron state just below the conduction band of TiO2 NPs, thereby narrowing the bandgap and causing a red shift of the optical absorption edge into the visible region. Silver nanoparticles of doped TiO2 NPs experience surface plasmon resonance under visible light excitation, leading to the injection of hot electrons into the conduction band of TiO2 NPs to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for bacterial killing. The modification of TiO2 NPs with carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets also achieve the efficient creation of ROS under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, titanium-based alloy implants in orthopedics with enhanced antibacterial activity and biocompatibility can be achieved by forming a surface layer of Ag-doped titania nanotubes. By incorporating TiO2 NPs and Cu-doped TiO2 NPs into chitosan or the textile matrix, the resulting polymer nanocomposites exhibit excellent antimicrobial properties that can have applications as fruit/food wrapping films, self-cleaning fabrics, medical scaffolds and wound dressings. Considering the possible use of visible-light active TiO2 nanomaterials for various applications, their toxicity impact on the environment and public health is also addressed.

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Section: Polymer/titania Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible-Light Active Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials with Bactericidal Properties

2020

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“…Compared to CNT addition, CF has been reported to have higher cell viability in the literature [27]. For encapsulating CF, the polymer matrix of nanocomposites is an effective material [28]. In addition, the cell viability of the nanocomposite reveals that HA enhances the cell viability-the greater the percentage of HA exhibited, the higher the cell viability [29].…”

Section: Biological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Biological Analysis of Highly Porous PEEK Bionanocomposites Incorporated with Carbon and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles for Biological Applications

et al. 2020

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Bone regeneration for replacing and repairing damaged and defective bones in the human body has attracted much attention over the last decade. In this research, highly porous polyetheretherketone (PEEK)/hydroxyapatite (HA) bionanocomposite scaffolds reinforced with carbon fiber (CF) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated, and their structural, mechanical, and biological properties were studied in detail. Salt porogen (200–500 µm size) leaching methods were adapted to produce porous PEEK structures with controlled pore size and distribution, facilitating greater cellular infiltration and biological integration of PEEK composites within patient tissue. In biological tests, nanocomposites proved to be non-toxic and have very good cell viability. In addition, bone marrow cell growth was observed, and PEEK/HA biocomposites with carbon particles showed increased cell attachment over the neat PEEK/HA composites. In cell viability tests, bionanocomposites with 0.5 wt% CNTs established good attachment of cells on disks compared to neat PEEK/HA biocomposites. A similar performance was seen in culture tests of bone marrow cells (osteoblasts and osteoclasts). The 0.5 wt% CF for osteoblasts and 1 wt% CNTs for osteoclasts showed higher cell attachment. The addition of carbon-based nanomaterials into PEEK/HA has been identified as an effective approach to improve cell attachment as well as mechanical and biological properties. With confirmed cell attachment and sustained viability and proliferation of the fabricated PEEK/HA/CNTs, CF bionanocomposites were confirmed to possess excellent biocompatibility and will have potential uses in bone scaffolding and other biomedical applications.

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“…Increasingly, studies are evaluating the effects of polymer-ceramic composites [ 167 - 169 ], as well as with carbon nanotubes [ 80 , 87 , 162 , 170 - 172 ]. There is still much work to be done as there are an almost limitless number of combinations of carbon nanostructures, polymers and ceramic(-like) compounds which could be mixed together.…”

Section: Carbon Nanostructure Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanostructures in Bone Tissue Engineering

Perkins¹,

Naderi²

2016

TOORTHJ

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Background:Recent advances in developing biocompatible materials for treating bone loss or defects have dramatically changed clinicians’ reconstructive armory. Current clinically available reconstructive options have certain advantages, but also several drawbacks that prevent them from gaining universal acceptance. A wide range of synthetic and natural biomaterials is being used to develop tissue-engineered bone. Many of these materials are currently in the clinical trial stage.Methods:A selective literature review was performed for carbon nanostructure composites in bone tissue engineering.Results:Incorporation of carbon nanostructures significantly improves the mechanical properties of various biomaterials to mimic that of natural bone. Recently, carbon-modified biomaterials for bone tissue engineering have been extensively investigated to potentially revolutionize biomaterials for bone regeneration.Conclusion:This review summarizes the chemical and biophysical properties of carbon nanostructures and discusses their functionality in bone tissue regeneration.

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The development, fabrication, and material characterization of polypropylene composites reinforced with carbon nanofiber and hydroxyapatite nanorod hybrid fillers

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Visible-Light Active Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials with Bactericidal Properties

Visible-Light Active Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials with Bactericidal Properties

Fabrication and Biological Analysis of Highly Porous PEEK Bionanocomposites Incorporated with Carbon and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles for Biological Applications

Carbon Nanostructures in Bone Tissue Engineering

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