The Development of 460 GHz gyrotrons for 700 MHz DNP-NMR spectroscopy

Idehara, T.; Tatematsu, Y.; Yamaguchi, Yuusuke; Khutoryan, Eduard; Кулешов, А. Н.; Ueda, Kazuyuki; Matsuki, Yoh; Fujiwara, Toshimichi

doi:10.1007/s10762-015-0150-z

Cited by 51 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The technology has been commercialized by Bruker Biospin in collaboration with Communications & Power Industries, and complete gyrotron‐based MAS‐DNP spectrometers are commercially available for 400, 600, 800, and 900 MHz proton frequencies with gyrotrons operating at 263, 395, 527, and 593 GHz, respectively (Figure a) . In addition, several companies supply DNP‐grade gyrotrons for various home‐built instruments, and other gyrotron‐based systems have been built in collaboration with research groups specializing in high‐power sub‐THz technology …”

Section: Sub‐thz Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The commercial state‐of‐the‐art DNP gyrotron is a single‐frequency, continuous‐wave device capable of delivering 20–50 watts of power. Although the commercial MAS‐DNP instruments use single‐frequency gyrotrons, devices that allow adjustment of the output frequency have been built . In a recent development by the Barnes group, a frequency‐agile gyrotron operating at 198 GHz ( 1 H 300 MHz) was introduced (Figure b).…”

Section: Sub‐thz Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Magic Angle Spinning‐Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Methodology

Kaminker

2019

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a method to boost the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal and thus alleviate the main limitation of NMR spectroscopy-its low sensitivity. One particularly successful methodology is the combination of DNP with magic angle spinning (MAS). MAS-DNP enables orders of magnitude signal enhancements in solid-state NMR experiments. The success of modern MAS-DNP stems from a combination of multiple developments in hardware, polarization agents design, sample preparation, theoretical understanding, and experimental methodology. Altogether these developments have allowed numerous breakthrough applications in biology and materials science. Despite its proven successes, ongoing research aims to further optimize hardware and polarization agent chemistry. Recent advances in MAS-DNP methodology that will allow unprecedented sensitivity in novel future applications are reviewed in this manuscript. Figure 3. (a) Schematic (left) and photograph (right) of the spinning module of nitrogen drive and bearing gas/helium-cooled design. (b-c) Schematics of the closed-loop helium-based DNP systems as developed (b) at the University of Grenoble Alpes and (c) at the Osaka University. Adapted from references 53, 48, 49 respectively.

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Section: Sub‐thz Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sub‐thz Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Magic Angle Spinning‐Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Methodology

Kaminker

2019

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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“…Gyrotron FU CW GV was developed as the fifth gyrotron in the Gyrotron FU CW G-series [5][6][7][8][9]. A photograph of the gyrotron is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Gyrotron Fu Cw Gvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the Research Center for Development of Far-Infrared Region, University of Fukui, Japan (FIR UF), a number of high-frequency gyrotrons operating at frequencies in ranges from subTHz to THz, including those of the Gyrotron FU-series, the Gyrotron FU CW-series, and the Gyrotron FU CW G-series, have been developed [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. The gyrotrons of the FU CW G-series are equipped with an internal mode converter that converts the electromagnetic (EM) wave that is oscillating in the cavity into a Gaussian beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Multifrequency Gyrotron FU CW GV with Gaussian Beam Output

Tatematsu¹,

Yamaguchi²,

Ichioka³

et al. 2015

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

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Gyrotron FU CW GV has been developed as a multifrequency gyrotron for operation over the frequency range from 162 to 265 GHz at frequencies separated by steps of approximately 10 GHz. The oscillation modes were selected; the radii of the caustic surfaces for the electromagnetic waves of the modes had similar values in the waveguide, and it was therefore expected that these modes would be converted into Gaussian beams by a mode converter. In reality, more than ten modes oscillated and the Gaussian-like beams were radiated. A double-disk window with variable spacing maintains the transmittance through the window at a high level over a wide range of frequencies. Using this window, output powers of more than 1 kW were observed for almost all the expected modes.

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“…Gyrotron systems offer high microwave power output between 5–35 W, allowing for DNP operation at higher temperatures of 90–150 K [67–75], while recent developments by Idehara et al and Gaël de Paëpe et al also enable liquid helium operation around 30 K with gyrotron-powered DNP systems [76,77]. Notably, the Matsuki, Idehara and Fujiwara et al [78] system relies on a dual gytrotron source at 460 GHz and 459–461 GHz for MAS DNP operation at 16.4 T and liquid helium temperatures. Additionally, Pike et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A versatile and modular quasi optics-based 200 GHz dual dynamic nuclear polarization and electron paramagnetic resonance instrument

Siaw

Leavesley

Lund

et al. 2016

Journal of Magnetic Resonance

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Solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) at higher magnetic fields (>3 T) and cryogenic temperatures (~2–90 K) has gained enormous interest and seen major technological advances as an NMR signal enhancing technique. Still, the current state of the art DNP operation is not at a state at which sample and freezing conditions can be rationally chosen and the DNP performance predicted a priori, but relies on purely empirical approaches. An important step towards rational optimization of DNP conditions is to have access to DNP instrumental capabilities to diagnose DNP performance and elucidate DNP mechanisms. The desired diagnoses include the measurement of the “DNP power curve”, i.e. the microwave (MW) power dependence of DNP enhancement, the “DNP spectrum”, i.e. the MW frequency dependence of DNP enhancement, the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum and the saturation and spectral diffusion properties of the EPR spectrum upon prolonged MW irradiation typical of continuous wave (CW) DNP, as well as various electron and nuclear spin relaxation parameters. Even basic measurements of these DNP parameters require versatile instrumentation at high magnetic fields not commercially available to date. In this article, we describe the detailed design of such a DNP instrument, powered by a solid-state MW source that is tunable between 193 – 201 GHz and outputs up to 140 mW of MW power. The quality and pathway of the transmitted and reflected MWs is controlled by a quasi-optics (QO) bridge and a corrugated waveguide, where the latter couples the MW from an open-space QO bridge to the sample located inside the superconducting magnet and vice versa. Crucially, the versatility of the solid-state MW source enables the automated acquisition of frequency swept DNP spectra, DNP power curves, the diagnosis of MW power and transmission, and frequency swept continuous wave (CW) and pulsed EPR experiments. The flexibility of the DNP instrument centered around the QO MW bridge will provide an efficient means to collect DNP data that is crucial for understanding the relationship between experimental and sample conditions, and the DNP performance. The modularity of this instrumental platform is suitable for future upgrades and extensions to include new experimental capabilities to meet contemporary DNP needs, including the simultaneous operation of two or more MW sources, time domain DNP, electron double resonance measurements, pulsed EPR operation, or simply the implementation of higher power MW amplifiers.

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The Development of 460 GHz gyrotrons for 700 MHz DNP-NMR spectroscopy

Cited by 51 publications

References 28 publications

Recent Advances in Magic Angle Spinning‐Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Methodology

Recent Advances in Magic Angle Spinning‐Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Methodology

Development of the Multifrequency Gyrotron FU CW GV with Gaussian Beam Output

A versatile and modular quasi optics-based 200 GHz dual dynamic nuclear polarization and electron paramagnetic resonance instrument

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