The Development of Design and Manufacture Techniques for Bioresorbable Coronary Artery Stents

Wang, Liang; Li, Jiao; Pang, Shuoshuo; Yan, Peisheng; Wang, Xibin; Qiu, Tianyang

doi:10.3390/mi12080990

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…Furthermore, the combination of PCL, BRM reinforcement particles, and the BAE process enhances the mechanical stability compared to pure PLLA tubes. [32][33][34][35][36] Next, the respective BAE tubes (Figure 2A) were cut on FSLM for fabricating cardiovascular stents (Figure 2B,C). The design of both stents was kept constant for comparative studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterization of PLLA/PCL/Mg‐Zn‐Y alloy composite stent

Srivastava,

Singh,

Agrawal

et al. 2023

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Bioresorbable polymeric stents (BPS) can become a promising alternative over permanent stents, as it reduce in‐stent thrombosis, endothelial dysfunction, and thrombogenicity. Although, a few limitations like uncontrolled degradation, inadequate strength, and lack of radiopacity restrict its application. Thus, a novel bioresorbable radiopaque Mg‐Zn‐Y Alloy (BRM) of high effective atomic number (Zeff) was developed to reinforce and attenuate X‐rays in the polymers. After that, the optimized BRM microparticles were blended with radiolucent poly (L‐lactide)/poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PLLA/PCL) polymer and extruded into biaxially expanded (BAE) tubes. Further, in this work, BAE tubes of PLLA/PCL/BRM and PLLA/PCL were cut using the optimized Femtosecond laser machine (FSLM) parameters for fabricating cardiovascular stents. These stent materials were assessed to sustain the angioplasty procedure, such as radial strength, crimping, recoil, expansion process, and performance under cycling loading.Highlights A novel biodegradable radiopaque Mg‐Zn‐Y alloy was developed. Adding Mg alloy (5% wt.) in PLLA/PCL imparts X‐ray visibility. Composite stents show better compressive radial strength and flexibility. It also reveals low crimping recoil, expansion recoil, and foreshortening. Composite stents can withstand arterial vasomotion better than PLLA/PCL.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterization of PLLA/PCL/Mg‐Zn‐Y alloy composite stent

Srivastava,

Singh,

Agrawal

et al. 2023

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…In addition, the properties can differ when tailored for a specific application or using different manufacturing techniques, for example, by changing the printing parameters of 3D-printed vascular stents [ 32 , 67 ]. Compared to PLA, PCL has greater flexibility but meaningfully inferior strength and slower absorption time ( Table 2 ) [ 41 , 68 ]. Therefore, it is not an appropriate base material to apply in vascular stents considering the mechanical properties.…”

Section: Polymeric Materials For Bioresorbable Vascular Stentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing of Polymeric Bioresorbable Stents: A Strategy to Improve Both Cellular Compatibility and Mechanical Properties

2022

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One of the leading causes of death is cardiovascular disease, and the most common cardiovascular disease is coronary artery disease. Percutaneous coronary intervention and vascular stents have emerged as a solution to treat coronary artery disease. Nowadays, several types of vascular stents share the same purpose: to reduce the percentage of restenosis, thrombosis, and neointimal hyperplasia and supply mechanical support to the blood vessels. Despite the numerous efforts to create an ideal stent, there is no coronary stent that simultaneously presents the appropriate cellular compatibility and mechanical properties to avoid stent collapse and failure. One of the emerging approaches to solve these problems is improving the mechanical performance of polymeric bioresorbable stents produced through additive manufacturing. Although there have been numerous studies in this field, normalized control parameters for 3D-printed polymeric vascular stents fabrication are absent. The present paper aims to present an overview of the current types of stents and the main polymeric materials used to fabricate the bioresorbable vascular stents. Furthermore, a detailed description of the printing parameters’ influence on the mechanical performance and degradation profile of polymeric bioresorbable stents is presented.

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“…These devices are usually fabricated from corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel (316 L), cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), titanium alloys, platinum-iridium (Pt-Ir) alloys, tantalum (Ta) or nitinol (Ni-Ti) and are permanently implanted (Raab et al , 2020; Fu et al , 2022; Antanasova et al , 2018; Perez et al , 2019; della Valle et al , 2021; Dahiya et al , 2022). Traditional stent manufacturing techniques include etching, micro-electro discharge machining, electroforming, die-casting and laser cutting, as shown in Figure 1 (Wang et al , 2021; McGee et al , 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D printing of personalised stents using new advanced photopolymerizable resins and Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Baila,

Sanfilippo,

Savu

et al. 2024

RPJ

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Purpose The development of new advanced materials, such as photopolymerizable resins for use in stereolithography (SLA) and Ti6Al4V manufacture via selective laser melting (SLM) processes, have gained significant attention in recent years. Their accuracy, multi-material capability and application in novel fields, such as implantology, biomedical, aviation and energy industries, underscore the growing importance of these materials. The purpose of this study is oriented toward the application of new advanced materials in stent manufacturing realized by 3D printing technologies. Design/methodology/approach The methodology for designing personalized medical devices, implies computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) techniques. By realizing segmentation, reverse engineering and deriving a 3D model of a blood vessel, a subsequent stent design is achieved. The tessellation process and 3D printing methods can then be used to produce these parts. In this context, the SLA technology, in close correlation with the new types of developed resins, has brought significant evolution, as demonstrated through the analyses that are realized in the research presented in this study. This study undertakes a comprehensive approach, establishing experimentally the characteristics of two new types of photopolymerizable resins (both undoped and doped with micro-ceramic powders), remarking their great accuracy for 3D modeling in die-casting techniques, especially in the production process of customized stents. Findings A series of analyses were conducted, including scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, mapping and roughness tests. Additionally, the structural integrity and molecular bonding of these resins were assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy–attenuated total reflectance analysis. The research also explored the possibilities of using metallic alloys for producing the stents, comparing the direct manufacturing methods of stents’ struts by SLM technology using Ti6Al4V with stent models made from photopolymerizable resins using SLA. Furthermore, computer-aided engineering (CAE) simulations for two different stent struts were carried out, providing insights into the potential of using these materials and methods for realizing the production of stents. Originality/value This study covers advancements in materials and additive manufacturing methods but also approaches the use of CAE analysis, introducing in this way novel elements to the domain of customized stent manufacturing. The emerging applications of these resins, along with metallic alloys and 3D printing technologies, have brought significant contributions to the biomedical domain, as emphasized in this study. This study concludes by highlighting the current challenges and future research directions in the use of photopolymerizable resins and biocompatible metallic alloys, while also emphasizing the integration of artificial intelligence in the design process of customized stents by taking into consideration the 3D printing technologies that are used for producing these stents.

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The Development of Design and Manufacture Techniques for Bioresorbable Coronary Artery Stents

Cited by 20 publications

References 175 publications

Fabrication and characterization of PLLA/PCL/Mg‐Zn‐Y alloy composite stent

Fabrication and characterization of PLLA/PCL/Mg‐Zn‐Y alloy composite stent

3D Printing of Polymeric Bioresorbable Stents: A Strategy to Improve Both Cellular Compatibility and Mechanical Properties

3D printing of personalised stents using new advanced photopolymerizable resins and Ti-6Al-4V alloy

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