The Development of Half and Quarter Eggs of Arbacia Punctulata and of Strongly Centrifuged Whole Eggs

Harvey, Ethel Browne

doi:10.2307/1537547

Cited by 105 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In these andromerogones hatching, mesenchyme cell formation and gastrulation all occur synchronously with normal embryos. Similar results have been reported for Arbacia punctulata (Harvey 1932;1956). Furthermore, no new synthesis of e histone mRNA occurs in these embryos until the sixteen cell stage, coincident with the onset of embryonic e histone mRNA synthesis in control embryos (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The discovery that all ~ histone mRNAs are sequestered in the maternal pronuclei and that eggs can be functionally enucleated by centrifugation (Showman et al 1982;Harvey 1932) offers an experimental opportunity to readdress the question of the importance of the stored maternal histone mRNA in the proper sequence of development and differentiation of the embryo. In this paper we have examined the development and differentiation of sea urchin andromerogones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal stores of α subtype histone mRNAs are not required for normal early development of sea urchin embryos

Wells

Anstrom

Raff

et al. 1986

Roux’s Arch Dev Biol

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The ability to specifically delete the store of maternal α-subtype histone mRNAs stored in the egg pronucleus has allowed us to examine the role of this major fraction of the maternal mRNA in the early development of the sea urchinStrongylocentrotus purpuratus. The egg nucleus was removed by centrifugation, and the resulting enucleate half eggs were fertilized. These haploid andromerogones lacked any stored α-subtype histone mRNAs. However, when grown in parallel with control embryos, they showed identical cleavage cycles, cell numbers, and patterns of cell differentiation. Measurements of the amount of α-histone mRNA in these andromerogones showed that there was no premature synthesis of α-histone mRNAs to compensate for the deleted maternal pool. Instead embryonic synthesis was normal in timing of initiation and duration. the ability of these embryos to develop into highly differentiated larvae without their maternal α-subtype histone mRNA pool suggests that this pool is not a critical component of early development per se. This suggestion is strengthened by the observation that the primitive sea urchinEucidaris tribuloides naturally lacks this maternal histone mRNA store. Evolutionary implications are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal stores of α subtype histone mRNAs are not required for normal early development of sea urchin embryos

Wells

Anstrom

Raff

et al. 1986

Roux’s Arch Dev Biol

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“…In some eggs, I have found, several hours after fertilization, a nucleus, from the sperm, and later two nuclei, and much later several nuclei of different sizes-that is, nuclear division without cell division (Photographs 63-65), such as is characteristic of the heavy red halves of the Arbacia egg (Harvey, 1932). I have observed no polar bodies of which I could be sure, though there are often clear amoeboid protrusions simulating polar bodies.…”

Section: Normal Egg Parthenogeneticmentioning

confidence: 93%

Development of Half-Eggs of Chaetopterus Pergamentaceus With Special Reference to Parthenogenetic Merogony

Harvey¹

1939

The Biological Bulletin

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“…In connection with investigations dealing with embryology, the most outstanding experiments exploiting the microscope-centrifuge were those made by E . B. Harvey on the eggs of the sea urchin, Arbacia punctulata (21,22,24,25) . In a series of experiments, E .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CYTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CENTRIFUGED WHOLE, HALF, AND QUARTER EGGS OF THE SEA URCHIN ARBACIA PUNCTULATA

Anderson

1970

The Journal of Cell Biology

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While the ooplasmic components of centrifuged eggs of Arbacia punctulata do not stratify in homogeneous layers, we have obtained the following strata beginning with the centripetal end : lipid droplets, pronucleus, clear zone, mitochondria, yolk, and pigment . Whereas mitochondria may be found mingled with yolk bodies, we have never observed lipid droplets nor pigment bodies among any of the other inclusions . The so-called clear zone contains a heterogeneous population of inclusions : annulate lamellae, heavy bodies, Golgi complexes, and rod-containing vacuoles . The peripheral cortical granules of immature (germinal vesicle stage) and of mature eggs are not dislodged from the cortical ooplasm with the centrifugal force utilized . When the eggs are treated with urethane, prior to centrifugation, the cortical granules of mature eggs abandon their peripheral position .Further centrifugation of the initially stratified eggs produces nucleated and nonnucleated halves and the centrifugation of the halves results in quarters . The cytology of the halves and quarters is discussed . The halves and quarters have been activated with either sperm or hypertonic sea water . With the exception of the nucleated halves, we were unable to obtain plutei larvae from the other fractions (red halves and quarters) . We believe that the lack of development of the various fragments is a function of the balance of particular inclusions necessary for differentiation .

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The Development of Half and Quarter Eggs of Arbacia Punctulata and of Strongly Centrifuged Whole Eggs

Cited by 105 publications

References 8 publications

Maternal stores of α subtype histone mRNAs are not required for normal early development of sea urchin embryos

Maternal stores of α subtype histone mRNAs are not required for normal early development of sea urchin embryos

Development of Half-Eggs of Chaetopterus Pergamentaceus With Special Reference to Parthenogenetic Merogony

A CYTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CENTRIFUGED WHOLE, HALF, AND QUARTER EGGS OF THE SEA URCHIN ARBACIA PUNCTULATA

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