The Development of Large Pressurized Fluid Bed Steam Dryers from Fundamental Research to Industrial Plants

Jensen, A. S.; Larsen, Kasper

doi:10.1080/07373937.2015.1064944

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The steam dryer is modeled based on the commercial steam dryer from EnerDry A/S [21]. It is a pressurized fluid bed-type dryer that is used for drying various wet substances, such as sugar beet pulp, waste water sludge, and wood chips [21]. Screw conveyers are used to feed the wet biomass to the pressurized dryer at 4 bar.…”

Section: Steam Dryermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evaporation capacity of the dryer is adjusted by varying the supply steam pressure. The evaporation capacity increases by a factor of ~3.5-4.5 when raising the supply steam pressure from the minimum value of ~7 bar to the maximum value of ~27 bar [21]. To simplify the modeling, a size independent dryer was used to calculate the pressure increase of the integrated steam blower (47 mbar) and then keeping it constant.…”

Section: Steam Dryermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A modified version of one of these designs, combining updraft pyrolysis and fluid bed char gasification, is employed in this paper. The dry manure or dry digested manure exits the steam dryer as granules [21], and it is assumed that these granules are big enough to be used in an updraft fixed bed pyrolysis. Alternatively, briquetting or pelletization could be used after the steam dryer, or fluid bed pyrolysis could be implemented.…”

Section: Gasifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of anaerobic digestion with thermal gasification and pressurized solid oxide electrolysis cells for high efficiency bio-SNG production

Clausen

Butera

Jensen

2019

Energy

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The integration of anaerobic digestion and thermal gasification can ensure a high biomass utilization, as the unconverted biomass from digesters can be converted by thermal gasification. When integrating steam electrolysis or co-electrolysis, all the CO and CO 2 in the biogas and gasification gas can be upgraded to synthetic natural gas (SNG), achieving a very high bio-SNG yield per biomass input. In this paper, a highly integrated system combining anaerobic digestion, thermal gasification, and pressurized solid oxide cells for bio-SNG production from manure is presented and analyzed by thermodynamic modeling. The system is compared to a similar system without anaerobic digestion. The analysis finds that the energy yield of bio-SNG can reach 138% in relation to the manure input (LHV-dry), while the yield drops to 107% without anaerobic digestion. The total energy efficiency from manure and electricity to bio-SNG can reach 79% with anaerobic digestion and 64% without it. By combining thermal gasification and anaerobic digestion, it is thereby almost possible to reach the same efficiency as a thermal gasification system operating on wood (up to 84%).

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Section: Steam Dryermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Steam Dryermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gasifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of anaerobic digestion with thermal gasification and pressurized solid oxide electrolysis cells for high efficiency bio-SNG production

Clausen

Butera

Jensen

2019

Energy

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“…The demand for pollution free and energy saving drying technology has been the incentive for the development of a new concept for drying of beet pulp in a fluid bed under steam pressure as an alternative to the traditional drying in indirect fired rotation drums [1]. The first-generation steam dryer was developed in Denmark between 1981 and 1990.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam drying compared to drum drying markedly increases early phase rumen fermentability of sugar beet pulp

Mette¹,

Larsen²,

Arne³

et al. 2017

Sugar Industry

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Freshly pressed and dried sugar beet pulp was sampled from 2different factories located within a distance of 30km and on 4different dates. One factory was equipped with a steam dryer and the other with a drum dryer. A recognized in vitro technique was used to establish, how the drying process affected rumen fermentability of the pulp, since fibrous feeds (such as sugar beet pulp) rely on microbial fermentation in the rumen to be digestible to the cow. Steam dried pulp had a remarkable >60% higher fermentability compared to drum dried pulp during the first 12(–15)hours of fermentation, but there were no differences in fermentation pattern after 24hours of fermentation. The increased early fermentability must markedly increase the nutritional value for high-yielding dairy cows, which at feed intakes of 25kg dry matter or more, have retention times in the rumen for water soluble compounds (such as pectin) and small particles as low as 6.7–13.3hours. Future feeding trials are needed to establish exactly how much the feeding value is increased in steam dried sugar beet pulp.

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“…An example of the successful application of SHS drying is the dryer developed by Jensen, 2015 [21]. So far, several dozen of such dryers for drying sugar beet pulp have been put into operation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Superheated Steam Spray Drying as an Energy-Saving Drying Technique: A Review

2022

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Drying is an extremely energy-intensive process. Superheated steam as a drying medium can improve the energy efficiency of the drying processes. In superheated steam drying, waste heat can be recovered by condensing the exhaust steam or raising its specific enthalpy. Spray drying is widely used in industry, even though its energy efficiency is often low. Substitution of air by superheated steam as a drying medium in a spray dryer may reduce the energy consumption of the drying process by 20–30%; moreover, if excess steam generated by moisture evaporation is upgraded to a higher temperature level and reused for drying, the energy demand could be decreased by even 80%. A literature review showed that superheated steam spray drying was successfully applied for both thermally resistant and a wide range of thermally sensitive materials. Superheated steam drying gives a number of advantages in terms of product properties, i.e., higher particle porosity due to rapid moisture evaporation results in improved powder rehydration properties. Additionally, steam drying may be applied for in situ particle crystallization. Taking into account the advantages of superheated steam drying and the potential application of this technology in spray drying systems, there is a great need for further research in this field. This literature review aimed to present an energy-saving solution, i.e., superheated steam spray drying process, showing its advantages and potential applications, followed by drying kinetics, providing analysis of the research papers on experimental studies as well as mathematical modeling of this drying technique.

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The Development of Large Pressurized Fluid Bed Steam Dryers from Fundamental Research to Industrial Plants

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Integration of anaerobic digestion with thermal gasification and pressurized solid oxide electrolysis cells for high efficiency bio-SNG production

Integration of anaerobic digestion with thermal gasification and pressurized solid oxide electrolysis cells for high efficiency bio-SNG production

Steam drying compared to drum drying markedly increases early phase rumen fermentability of sugar beet pulp

Superheated Steam Spray Drying as an Energy-Saving Drying Technique: A Review

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