The development of manganese toxicity in pasture legumes under extreme climatic conditions

Siman, A.; Cradock, F. W.; Hudson, A. W.

doi:10.1007/bf00017950

Cited by 49 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…As neither soil nor plant Mn levels were determined in these trials it is not known if Mn toxicity affected plant growth. None of the visual symptoms associated with Mn toxicity (Hewitt 1963;Siman et al 1974) were observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Growth and nutrition of legumes on a high country yellow-brown earth subsoil

Davis

1981

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The growth and phosphate response patterns of a range oflegumes growing on an acid, infertile, high country yellow-brown earth subsoil were compared in two pot trials. All species responded strongly to added P, but foliage and soil analyses indicated that aluminium toxicity as well as P deficiency may have limited the growth of some species. Lotus peduneulatus, L. eornieulatus, the inter-specific lotus hybrid G4712, and Lupinus polyphyllus had low shoot Al concentrations, suggesting tolerance of Al toxicity. In contrast Trifolium repens, T. ambiguum, Coronilla varia, and Astragalus cieer had high shoot Al concentrations, and the growth of these species may have been affected by Al toxicity. T. repens was lower yielding than Lotus peduneulatus cultivars at both low and high rates of added P. Surface-applied fertiliser P remained close to the soil surface and depressed KCIexchangeable Al levels in the surface (0-2 cm) horizon, but had no effect on Al levels in the sub-surface horizons. Relative P accumulation rates were higher in species with a strongly developed surface rooting habit than in species that developed a tap root, or had few roots close to the soil surface.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Growth and nutrition of legumes on a high country yellow-brown earth subsoil

Davis

1981

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…The effects of waterlogging on growth and seed yield recorded here were not mediated indirectly through changes in root temperature or ionic toxicities consequent upon the treatments imposed. The maximum manganese concentration (3 mg/1) detected in eluates from waterlogged pots was well below the concentration found to be toxic for pasture legumes grown under waterlogged conditions (47/tg/g; Siman, Cradock & Hudson, 1974). Although data on toxin production and biochemical changes are not available, the possibility that hormone effects are involved in the response of cowpea plants to waterlogging is indicated both by the delayed appearance of open flowers on plants stressed during vegetative growth and by the large increase in flower abortion in many plants when waterlogged during the reproductive period (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Effects of short-term waterlogging on growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

et al. 1978

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When cowpea plants were grown in large pots under simulated tropical conditions, and were dependent on either symbiotic fixation or inorganic N for their total nitrogen requirements, short periods of waterlogging had adverse effects on vegetative growth and seed production. The effects of waterlogging were more acute as plants experienced stress at progressively earlier stages of development. In plants depending either on biologically fixed N or inorganic N, waterlogging before flowering reduced vegetative growth by about 50%. Although some compensation in vegetative growth occurred during the reproductive development of nodulated plants, seed yields in both cases were still 48 % less than in unstressed plants. Depending on the stage of plant development, treatment effects were mediated largely through changes in branch, peduncle and flower production and/or abortion, which contributed directly to variations in the number of pods retained to maturity. Inorganic nitrogen stimulated vegetative growth but did not significantly improve seed yield compared with effectively nodulated plants.

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“…The detrimental interaction of sunlight and excessively accumulated foliar Mn manifest in photobleaching damage to chloroplasts and oxygen free-radical stress has been reported for common bean and sugar maple [ 9 , 13 ], pointing to the possible broad-scale negative impacts of extended periods of sunlight exposure [ 15 ]. Soil heating and drying contributes to Mn toxicity, as does high rainfall via strongly-reducing hypoxic conditions induced by waterlogging [ 11 , 12 , 25 ]. Altered rainfall patterns and other climatic variables therefore could exacerbate the potency of interactive plant and soil processes that drive Mn toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar Nutrient Distribution Patterns in Sympatric Maple Species Reflect Contrasting Sensitivity to Excess Manganese

2016

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Sugar maple and red maple are closely-related co-occurring tree species significant to the North American forest biome. Plant abiotic stress effects including nutritional imbalance and manganese (Mn) toxicity are well documented within this system, and are implicated in enhanced susceptibility to biotic stresses such as insect attack. Both tree species are known to overaccumulate foliar manganese (Mn) when growing on unbuffered acidified soils, however, sugar maple is Mn-sensitive, while red maple is not. Currently there is no knowledge about the cellular sequestration of Mn and other nutrients in these two species. Here, electron-probe x-ray microanalysis was employed to examine cellular and sub-cellular deposition of excessively accumulated foliar Mn and other mineral nutrients in vivo. For both species, excess foliar Mn was deposited in symplastic cellular compartments. There were striking between-species differences in Mn, magnesium (Mg), sulphur (S) and calcium (Ca) distribution patterns. Unusually, Mn was highly co-localised with Mg in mesophyll cells of red maple only. The known sensitivity of sugar maple to excess Mn is likely linked to Mg deficiency in the leaf mesophyll. There was strong evidence that Mn toxicity in sugar maple is primarily a symplastic process. For each species, leaf-surface damage due to biotic stress including insect herbivory was compared between sites with acidified and non-acidified soils. Although it was greatest overall in red maple, there was no difference in biotic stress damage to red maple leaves between acidified and non-acidified soils. Sugar maple trees on buffered non-acidified soil were less damaged by biotic stress compared to those on unbuffered acidified soil, where they are also affected by Mn toxicity abiotic stress. This study concluded that foliar nutrient distribution in symplastic compartments is a determinant of Mn sensitivity, and that Mn stress hinders plant resistance to biotic stress.

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The development of manganese toxicity in pasture legumes under extreme climatic conditions

Cited by 49 publications

References 8 publications

Growth and nutrition of legumes on a high country yellow-brown earth subsoil

Growth and nutrition of legumes on a high country yellow-brown earth subsoil

Effects of short-term waterlogging on growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

Foliar Nutrient Distribution Patterns in Sympatric Maple Species Reflect Contrasting Sensitivity to Excess Manganese

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