The Development of Materials, Mixtures and Gels for Ferroelectric Displays

Hird, Michael; Goodby, John W.; Toyne, Kenneth J.

doi:10.1080/10587250108025694

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the design of the formulation, the compounds were selected to be of a similar size and chemical nature and polymerised to give a desired gel network [82][83][84]. Figure 13a shows a typical formulation for a gelating mixture of liquid crystals based on an achiral host mixture of difluoroterphenyls, a chiral dopant to impart ferroelectricity, and 10 wt % of a cross-linking monomer to produce a gel [85]. When subjected to photopolymerisation, a gel existed in a nematic phase above 98.5 • C; on cooling, a smectic A* phase was formed followed by a ferroelectric smectic C* phase at 83.0 • C. Of course, the gel did not crystallise at low temperatures below −20 • C before starting to show semblances of glassifying.…”

Section: Gels and Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These materials are the hexa-benzoate derivatives of hexa-hydroxytriphenylene, where the benzoate esters could be designed to incorporate lateral groups, which might be polar (halogens) or apolar (aliphatic chains). [85] and (b) network polymeric materials formed via photopolymerisation of substituted diallylamines [86]. * indicates the location of a stereogenic centre.…”

Section: Nematic Disc-like Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conception, Discovery, Invention, Serendipity and Consortia: Cyanobiphenyls and Beyond

Goodby

Cowling

2022

Crystals

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In the 1960s, a world-wide change in electronic devices was about to occur with the invention of integrated circuits. The chip was upon us, which instantly created the need for a revolution in visual communication displays. From the watch to the computer monitor, to TVs, to the phone, nearly all everyday applications were affected. A strange connection in technology underpinned these changes; the linkage between silicon semiconductors and organic compounds that did not know if they were solids or liquids. Liquid crystals had been known since 1888 and had seen little usage until they were inserted between conducting glass slides and an applied electric field. Suddenly, the possibility of driving images with low voltage fields became obvious. Many major companies took up the challenge of commercialisation, but in the UK a curious combination of government research facilities, electronic companies and one small university came together in 1970 to form a consortium and within two years the basis for new technologies had been founded. Chemistry is part of this story, with new conceptions, discoveries and inventions, and the luck to be in the right place at the right time.

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Section: Gels and Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nematic Disc-like Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conception, Discovery, Invention, Serendipity and Consortia: Cyanobiphenyls and Beyond

Goodby

Cowling

2022

Crystals

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“…The mesophase is formed based on temperature or electric field changes. Ferroelectricity is nowadays a subject of scientific research because of the possibility of wide application in electronic devices [3,4]. When liquid crystals are exposed to an electric field, the light transmittance changes, which is used in LCDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid crystals purity assay using nonaqueous capillary electrokinetic chromatography

Čokrtová

Křížek

2022

Electrophoresis

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A method for purity control of newly synthesized lactic acid-based liquid crystals has been developed. The electrokinetic chromatography proved to be suitable for the separation of these electroneutral substances from their impurities. The separations were performed in an acidic acetonitrile-based background electrolyte (BGE) with a pseudostationary phase formed by a cationic surfactant. During the optimization step, appropriate concentrations of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, acetic acid, and water were seeked. In the optimized method, separations were carried out in acetonitrile with 1-mol/L acetic acid, 80-mmol/L cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and 6% (v/v) water. Interesting positive effects of a small water content in the BGE on electroosmotic flow and resolution of liquid crystal substances from their impurities were observed and discussed.Samples of five liquid crystal substances, both pure and containing impurities from synthesis, were analyzed. The identification of analytes was based on a comparison of relative migration times related to the migration time of mesityl oxide. For all five samples, impurities were separated from the liquid crystals and the method thus showed its viability. To the best of our knowledge, this method is used for the first time for the purity control of newly synthesized liquid crystals. This method can be used to confirm or complement the results obtained by commonly used high-performance liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography methods. Furthermore, the electrokinetic chromatography method requires very small amounts of sample, solvents, and buffer constituents. Overall, its operational costs are significantly lower.

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Liquid Crystal Materials for Devices

Klasen‐Memmer¹,

Hirschmann²

2016

Handbook of Visual Display Technology

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The Development of Materials, Mixtures and Gels for Ferroelectric Displays

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Conception, Discovery, Invention, Serendipity and Consortia: Cyanobiphenyls and Beyond

Conception, Discovery, Invention, Serendipity and Consortia: Cyanobiphenyls and Beyond

Liquid crystals purity assay using nonaqueous capillary electrokinetic chromatography

Liquid Crystal Materials for Devices

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