The Development of Occupational Exposure Limits for Chemical Substances in China

Liang, Yupei; Gang, Baoqi; Gu, Xue-Qi

doi:10.1006/rtph.1995.1081

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…BMDLs for occupational lead dust and fumes were 0.02 mg/m 3 and 0.01 mg/m 3 , respectively, both lower than China’s national occupational exposure limits for each. China’s occupational exposure limit (OEL) for lead and inorganic compounds of lead was established in 1979, based on the maximum allowable concentrations of 0.05 mg/m 3 for lead dust and 0.03 mg/m 3 for lead fumes [ 36 ]. The OELs remained at the same levels but were based on time-weighted averages concentration from 2002 onward, which is similar to the United States’ standards for lead.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-Response Relationship between Cumulative Occupational Lead Exposure and the Associated Health Damages: A 20-Year Cohort Study of a Smelter in China

Huang

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Long-term airborne lead exposure, even below official occupational limits, has been found to cause lead poisoning at higher frequencies than expected, which suggests that China’s existing occupational exposure limits should be reexamined. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1832 smelting workers from 1988 to 2008 in China. These were individuals who entered the plant and came into continuous contact with lead at work for longer than 3 months. The dose-response relationship between occupational cumulative lead exposure and lead poisoning, abnormal blood lead, urinary lead and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) were analyzed and the benchmark dose lower bound confidence limits (BMDLs) were calculated. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between cumulative lead dust and lead fumes exposures and workplace seniority, blood lead, urinary lead and ZPP values. A dose-response relationship was observed between cumulative lead dust or lead fumes exposure and lead poisoning (p < 0.01). The BMDLs of the cumulative occupational lead dust and fumes doses were 0.68 mg-year/m3 and 0.30 mg-year/m3 for lead poisoning, respectively. The BMDLs of workplace airborne lead concentrations associated with lead poisoning were 0.02 mg/m3 and 0.01 mg/m3 for occupational exposure lead dust and lead fume, respectively. In conclusion, BMDLs for airborne lead were lower than occupational exposure limits, suggesting that the occupational lead exposure limits need re-examination and adjustment. Occupational cumulative exposure limits (OCELs) should be established to better prevent occupational lead poisoning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-Response Relationship between Cumulative Occupational Lead Exposure and the Associated Health Damages: A 20-Year Cohort Study of a Smelter in China

Huang

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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“…Until workers actively participate in occupational health and safety monitoring and implementation, the efficacy of the Act will remain limited. This deficit is especially severe in China and other developing countries [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Act of the People's Republic of China: An Awareness Assessment among Workers at Foreign-Invested Enterprises

Yongming¹,

Lu²,

Lin³

et al. 2011

New Solut

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The Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Act (ODPC-Act) of the People's Republic of China came into effect on May 1, 2002. Given the scope of foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) in China and an unabated increasing trend of foreign investment, compliance with the ODPC-Act among FIEs is of particular interest, yet little is known. The extent to which an employer educates its workforce to understand the ODPC-Act may be a measure of an employer's compliance. Based on a 25-item questionnaire survey, we found that among 166 workers from three FIEs in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, the majority had little knowledge regarding the ODPC-Act; many were unaware of their rights granted under the ODPC-Act. They were also unable to recognize employers' potential violations of the ODPC-Act. Improving FIE workers' awareness of the ODPC-Act is desirable.

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“…The Subcommittee on Occupational Health Standards is responsible for seeking the advice of experts in setting or amending occupational health standards that are supposed to be health-based, technologically and economically feasible, and de®ned as maximum allowable concentrations (MACs, i.e., ceiling values that should not be exceeded at any representative sampling) [4]. Thus far, a total of 222 occupational health standards have been promulgated by the State Bureau of Technical Inspection and Ministry of Health.…”

Section: Occupational Health Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational medicine in China

1998

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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The Development of Occupational Exposure Limits for Chemical Substances in China

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Dose-Response Relationship between Cumulative Occupational Lead Exposure and the Associated Health Damages: A 20-Year Cohort Study of a Smelter in China

Dose-Response Relationship between Cumulative Occupational Lead Exposure and the Associated Health Damages: A 20-Year Cohort Study of a Smelter in China

The Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Act of the People's Republic of China: An Awareness Assessment among Workers at Foreign-Invested Enterprises

Occupational medicine in China

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