The Development of Reference Values for the WHO Health Facility Core Prescribing Indicators

Isah, Ambrose O.; Laing, Ronald David; Quick, James Campbell; Mabadeje, A. F. B.; Santoso, Budi; Hogerzeil, Hans V; Ross‐Degnan, Dennis

doi:10.4314/wajpdr.v18i1.14718

Cited by 95 publications

(201 citation statements)

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“…The percentage of encounters in which antibiotics were prescribed was 61%, which is very high compared to the standard (20.0-26.8%) derived to be ideal [25]. In a similar study conducted in India [16], it was found to be 23.5%, which is acceptable and much lower than our findings.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 86%, which is almost satisfactory, compared to standard derived or ideal (100%) [25]. Similar studies conducted at Karnataka [22] showed it to be 70% whereas in a study on geriatric population conducted in Pondicherry [16] found it to be 21.31%, which is much less than ours.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…The percentage of drugs prescribed from the NLEM of India was 96%, which is close to the standard (100%) derived as ideal [25]. In similar studies conducted in India [16,21], it was much less than ours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Injudicious use of antibiotics must be discouraged to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The percentage of encounters in which an injection was prescribed was 65%, which is much higher than the standard (13.4-24.1%) derived to be ideal [25]. This may be due to psychological advantage of injections on patients and treating doctors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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A Study of Drug Utilization Pattern of the Geriatric Patients in the Department of Geriatric Medicine in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Assam, India

Borah

Devi

Debnath

et al. 2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: To investigate the drug utilization pattern and the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) using updated AGS Beers Criteria 2012 among the elderly patients who attended the geriatric outpatient departments as well as admitted indoor patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Guwahati, Assam, India. Methods:A hospital-based prospective, observational and cross sectional study, involving patients aged 65 years and above was planned and conducted over a period of 6-months from January 2016 to June 2016. Patients were visited daily, interviewed and case records were collected. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel Sheets.Results: A total of 150 patients aged 65 years and above were analyzed. 97 patients (65%) were males and 53 (35%) were females. Majority of the patients (61 numbers, 41%) belonged to the age group of 65-70 years, and least were in the age group of 86-90 years (13 numbers, 9%). Prescription of five or more medications (polypharmacy) was observed in 117 (78%) patients. Majority of the patients presented with diseases of cardiovascular system (25.7%). Using the World Health Organization drug use indicators, the average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 5.6. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 86%. The percentage of encounters in which antibiotics were prescribed was 61%. Injection was prescribed was 65% cases and the percentage of drugs prescribed from the National List of Essential Medicines of India was 96%. 43 patients received PIMs from Beers list; majority were belonging to Category 1. Spironolactone was most commonly prescribed PIM. Conclusion:Irrational prescribing practices and polypharmacy were detected in our study. Prescribers should be educated about the rational use of drugs and Beers Criteria for elderly.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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A Study of Drug Utilization Pattern of the Geriatric Patients in the Department of Geriatric Medicine in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Assam, India

Borah

Devi

Debnath

et al. 2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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“…11 Availability of drugs remains a problem in health facilities in developing countries. In this study only about 40% of the patients got all prescribed drugs and an average of 1 out of 4 drugs prescribed per prescription was not available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescription pattern at a secondary health care facility in Ilorin, Nigeria

Akande

Ologe

2007

Ann Afr Med

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Background/Objectives: Expenditures due to irrational use of drugs have been a strain on the meagre health budgets of several developing countries and inappropriate prescribing has been identified in many health facilities in developing countries. This study examines the prescription pattern in a secondary health facility. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was used in this study. Three hundred and three randomly selected prescriptions issued to patients attending out-patients' clinics in the facility over a period of three months were examined. Data obtained was analyzed using EPI-INFO 2000 computer software.Results: Mean number of drugs per prescription in the health facility is 3.99 ± 1.55. At least 4 drugs were prescribed in 61.6% of the prescriptions. Generic prescribing was generally low. Out of a total of 1219 drugs prescribed 511 (41.9%) were prescribed in generic names. Analgesics, antimalarials, antibiotics and antihypertensives accounted for 19.7%, 10.2%, 13.0% and 4.9% of the drugs prescribed respectively. Only 124 (40.9%) of the prescriptions had all drugs prescribed available in the health facility. Conclusion: This study found practice of polypharmacy prevalent as found in other studies in developing countries among prescribers and prescription in generic names is low. Regular orientation and re-orientation of prescribers on rational drug prescription and prescription in generic names in conformity with national drug policies is necessary. Key words: Drug prescription, pattern, health facilityRésume Introduction/Objectifs: Les dépenses dues à l'utilisation irrationnelles des médicaments ont été une rude épreuve sur des maigres budgets de la santé de plusieurs pays en voie de développement et de prescription inappropriée a été identifié dans de nombreux établissements de santé dans les pays en voie de développement. Cette étude fait un examen de la tendance de la prescription dans un centre des soins secondaire. Méthodes: Une étude descriptive d'un groupe représentant a été utilisé dans cette étude. Trois cents trois ordonnances délivrées aux patients choisis au hasard, aux patients fréquentant le clinique des patients externes du centre hospitalier pendant une période de trois mois sont été étudiés. Des données obtenues ont été analysées à l'aide de EPI INFO 200 logiciels informatiques. Résultats: Nombre moyen de médicaments par prescription dans le centre de la santé est 3,99 +-1,55. Au moins, 4 médicaments sont prescrits dans 61,6% des ordonnances. Prescrivant des génériques a été généralement faible sur un total de 1219 médicaments prescrits 511 soit 41,9% ont été prescrits dans noms génériques. Analgésiques, le antipaludiques, les antibiotiques et les antihypertensions sont représentés 19,7% 10,2% et 4,9% des médicaments prescrits respectivement. Seulement 124 (40,9%) des prescriptions de médicaments prescrits sont tous disponibles dans les établissement de la santé. Conclusion: A travers cette étude, nous remarquons que la pratique de la fréquence de la poly pharmacie comme ...

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The Impact of a Pay‐for‐Performance Scheme on Prescription Quality in Rural China

et al. 2016

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In this prospective study, conducted in China where providers have traditionally been paid fee-for-service, and where drug spending is high and irrational drug prescribing common, township health centers in two counties were assigned to two groups: in one fee-for-service was replaced by a capitated global budget (CGB); in the other by a mix of CGB and pay-for-performance. In the latter, 20% of the CGB was withheld each quarter, with the amount returned depending on points deducted for failure to meet performance targets. Outcomes studied included indicators of rational drug prescribing and prescription cost. Impacts were assessed using differences-in-differences, because political interference led to non-random assignment across the two groups. The combination of capitated global budget and pay-for-performance reduced irrational prescribing substantially relative to capitated global budget but only in the county that started above the penalty targets. Endline rates were still appreciable, however, and no effects were found in either county on out-of-pocket spending. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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The Development of Reference Values for the WHO Health Facility Core Prescribing Indicators

Cited by 95 publications

References 0 publications

A Study of Drug Utilization Pattern of the Geriatric Patients in the Department of Geriatric Medicine in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Assam, India

A Study of Drug Utilization Pattern of the Geriatric Patients in the Department of Geriatric Medicine in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Assam, India

Prescription pattern at a secondary health care facility in Ilorin, Nigeria

The Impact of a Pay‐for‐Performance Scheme on Prescription Quality in Rural China

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