The development of room temperature phosphorescence into a new technique for chemical determinations

Parker, R.T.; Freedlander, Richard S.; Dunlap, R. Bruce

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)93618-9

Cited by 89 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…[59,60] In the meantime, for specific families of stilbenoid compounds, systematic library-based insights to the influence of substituents on the deactivation process were gained, [59,72] giving guidelines for targeted molecular design. [73] Purely organic RTP emitters, which have been recognized for some decades, [12,74] attracted much attention for applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), sensing, bioimaging etc., [74][75][76][77] due to the progress in materials design during recent years; see Scheme 1 for representative examples. The challenges for molecular design here are far greater than for fluorescent materials, as proper excited state ordering and efficient intersystem crossing to the triplet manifold has to be secured, and eventually PL quenching by oxygen is more severe due to the long triplet state lifetimes.…”

Section: Intramolecular Factors and Environmental Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 10,11 ] The impressive acceleration of the field seen in the last two decades was in particular driven by the progressively interdisciplinary character of collaborative schemes, bringing together imaginative materials science and chemistry with novel, increasingly cheaper and faster synthesis protocols, widely available computational techniques, elaborated photophysical characterization and understanding, targeted device engineering, and expeditious commercialization. This allowed to successfully exploit well‐established (and long known) phenomena to control the luminescence in organic materials (such as room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), [ 12 ] E‐type delayed fluorescence, [ 13 ] solid state luminescence enhancement, [ 14,15 ] and the response to external stimuli [ 16 ] ) to create a multitude of novel materials with highly relevant practical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This allowed to successfully exploit wellestablished (and long known) phenomena to control the luminescence in organic materials (such as room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), [12] E-type delayed fluorescence, [13] solid state luminescence enhancement, [14,15] and the response to external stimuli [16] ) to create a multitude of novel materials with highly relevant practical applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Luminescence in Crystalline Organic Materials: From Molecules to Molecular Solids

Gierschner

Shi

Milián‐Medina

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

202

194

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Luminescent small, all‐organic molecules are of tremendous interest in materials and life science applications. Nevertheless, targeted design requires a basic understanding of the excited state deactivation pathways of the molecules themselves, and the modulations of the processes that occur in the solid state. This particularly concerns crystalline molecular solids, as here not only solid‐state rigidification contributes to these modulations, but specific intermolecular interactions as well. Starting from the molecular properties, this work carefully disentangles all intramolecular and intermolecular factors to the radiative and nonradiative processes in crystalline all‐organic molecular solids to provide guidelines for targeted molecular materials design.

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Section: Intramolecular Factors and Environmental Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Luminescence in Crystalline Organic Materials: From Molecules to Molecular Solids

Gierschner

Shi

Milián‐Medina

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

202

194

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“…k/(k +k ) (3) p isc p p np hence quenching processes are suppressed and phosphorescence can be observed.…”

Section: ) P Isc P P Np Q Iscppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection in liquid chromatography based on different luminescence principles

Frei¹,

Velthorst²,

Gooijer³

1985

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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-Various luminescence techniques based on the use of intermolecular energy transfer phenomena for detection in liquid streams are discussed. The two distinct methods based on room temperature phosphorescence in liquid phases (RTPL), the sensitized and quenched RTPL, are described. In particular the potential of phosphorescence quenching is wide. It will be demonstrated that this method has considerable promise for the determination of organic compounds, but also as a detector for selected inorganic ions, e.g., N02, S032, Pt2+ in ion chromatography. Furtheron attention is paid to photochemically generated or photosensitized reactions. It is shown that photocheraical reactions can be used as a special type of post-column derivatization, and improvements in both sensitivity and selectivity have been demonstrated. The mechanisms for photoreduction of anthraquinone by isopropanol and for the sensitized photo-oxygenation of ethanol are discussed.

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“…Originally observed from compounds adsorbed onto solids (2,3), the RTP phenomenon has been further developed for chemical analysis of organic species in solid substrates (4)(5)(6)(7) as well as liquid media (8,9). In particular, it has been successfully applied to the detection of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and N-heterocycles in environmental samples (10)(11)(12)(13).…”

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confidence: 99%

External heavy-atom effect in room-temperature phosphorescence

Suter¹,

Kallir²,

Wild³

et al. 1987

Anal. Chem.

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The effect of external heavy-atom perturbers on the roomtemperature phosphorescence (RTP) spectrum of dibenzo-[f,h]quinoxaline (DBO) adsorbed on Whatman 4 fllter paper is reported. The totally symmetric vibrational bands are predominantly enhanced, leading to a spectral change in vibratbnal structure. Inhomogeneity effects of moiecule-perturber interactions are investlgated by time-resolved phosphorimetry and lifetime measurements.Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is a sensitive and simple analytical method to characterize molecules adsorbed on solid substrates (I). Originally observed from compounds adsorbed onto solids (2,3), the RTP phenomenon has been further developed for chemical analysis of organic species in solid substrates (4-7) as well as liquid media (8,9). In particular, it has been successfully applied to the detection of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and N-heterocycles in environmental samples (10-13). Filter paper is the most widely used substrate for RTP, since it is inexpensive and commercially available. The corresponding sample preparation is also simple and rapid: only 2-5 yl of the sample solution is required for a typical assay. The solution is spotted on the paper, and after thorough drying in a stream of hot air or under an IR lamp, the sample is ready for measurement in a spectrometer equipped with a standard phosphoroscope ( I ) .In previous works, we have investigated photophysical aspects related to the interactions of molecules with the substrate: the guest-host interaction (electron-phonon coupling) on a filter paper substrate was studied by measuring laserinduced phosphorescence line narrowing (14). Hydrogenbonding interactions were investigated by using two-dimensional total luminescence spectroscopy (15). In this work we investigate the external heavy-atom effect in R T P and study experimental factors that could affect analytical applications.The sensitivity of R T P may be drastically increased by the external heavy-atom effect (16)(17)(18)(19) and limits of detection in the picogram range have been achieved. The filter paper may be impregnated with a heavy-atom solution prior to spotting the analyte solution or the two solutions may be spotted simultaneously. The heavy-atom enhancement factors depend not only on the concentration but also on the particular properties of the heavy atoms used: high enhancement factors have been found with T1+ and Pb2+ for PAHs and with I-and Hg2+ for N-heterocycles (13). Apart from the overal phosphorescence intensity enhancement, other effects such as spectral shifts and changes in the spectral intensity profiles, due to external heavy-atom perturbers, should also be considered in the interpretation of R T P spectra. Short and long RTP decaying components of several indoles on ion-exchange paper substrates have been previously reported (20). In a recent work (13) it was demonstrated, that R T P spectra of N-heterocycles are red-shifted-compared to the spectrum obtained with no heavy-atom perturbers-when using HgCl, as the heavy atom sal...

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The development of room temperature phosphorescence into a new technique for chemical determinations

Cited by 89 publications

References 72 publications

Luminescence in Crystalline Organic Materials: From Molecules to Molecular Solids

Luminescence in Crystalline Organic Materials: From Molecules to Molecular Solids

Detection in liquid chromatography based on different luminescence principles

External heavy-atom effect in room-temperature phosphorescence

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