“…Teacher leadership has developed worldwide, whereby the leadership role, and decisionmaking power of teachers have begun to be echoed throughout the world. Its significance explains why various teacher leadership models have emerged, and why many scholars have conducted research with various instruments to measure it (e.g., Angelle & DeHart, 2016;Beauchamp et al, 2010;Katzenmeyer & Moller, 2009;Mansor et al, 2020;Smith, 2023;Tsai, 2017;York-Barr & Duke, 2004 In this study, the TLSA was used because, in the Indonesian context, no prior research using such instrument was found, and it seemed culturally appropriate. Based on a review of the literature in the last seven years, nine studies using the TLSA instrument were identified.…”