The development of the Self‐Rating Inventory for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Hovens, Johannes E.; Ploeg, Henk M. van der; Bramsen, I.; Klaarenbeek, M. T. A.; Schreuder, J. N.; Rivero, V. Vladar

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01574.x

Cited by 115 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The result of these correlations was consistent with studies of other PTSD scales using similarly constituted subscales [15, 16]. This may not be surprising, as it is known that some PTSD symptoms overlap with those of depression and of anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The Validation of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Nonclinical Subjects

Ventureyra¹,

Yao²,

Cottraux³

et al. 2001

Psychother Psychosom

189

115

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Background: The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale (PCLS) is a short self-report inventory for assessing the 3 main syndromes of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study was the validation of the French version of the PCLS in PTSD subjects and nonclinical subjects. Methods: One-hundred and thirteen outpatients suffering from PTSD according to DSM-IV were administered the PCLS. The patients’ scores on the PCLS were then compared to those of 31 nonclinical control subjects. Thirty-five of the patients were administered the PCLS twice over an interval of 1–2 weeks and also completed questionnaires measuring depression, phobia and anxiety. Results: The patients’ total score and subscores on the PCLS were found to be significantly higher than those of control subjects. The cutoff score of 44 on the French version PCLS distinguishes well between the PTSD group and control group with a high diagnostic efficacy (0.94). Factor analysis revealed 3 main factors corresponding to the reexperiencing, numbing and hyperarousal syndromes. The PCLS showed satisfactory test-retest reliability and internal consistency. Conclusions: The PCLS is therefore a valid and effective measurement of PTSD. It may be a useful tool for screening and assessing PTSD in psychiatric as well as in primary-care settings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The Validation of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Nonclinical Subjects

Ventureyra¹,

Yao²,

Cottraux³

et al. 2001

Psychother Psychosom

189

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Healthy male controls (HC) were recruited through advertisement and were matched for age. HC were included if there was no indication for a psychiatric disorder according to the Hopkins symptom checklist (SCL-90) and the Dutch Self Inventory for PTSD (ZIL), 35 and no report of traumatic experiences. All veterans were screened for psychiatric illness and history of drug abuse using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV axis I disorders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukocyte glucocorticoid receptor expression and immunoregulation in veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder

et al. 2007

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with a dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis). In addition, there is evidence for altered glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and function in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The aim of the present study was to differentiate between the effect of trauma exposure and PTSD on leukocyte GR expression and glucocorticoid immune regulation. Leukocyte GR binding characteristics and glucocorticoid sensitivity of immune activity, determined as the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on in vitro cytokine release and T-cell proliferation, were compared between veterans with PTSD, traumatized veterans without PTSD and healthy controls. Leukocyte GR density was significantly lower in veterans with and without PTSD compared to healthy controls. DEX-induced inhibition of T-cell proliferation was significantly lower in PTSD compared to trauma and healthy controls. DEX-induced increase in lipopolysaccharidestimulated interleukin-10 was less pronounced in traumatized veterans with and without PTSD compared to healthy controls. No group differences were observed in the effect of DEX on other cytokines or in baseline immune activity, except for lower tumor necrosis factor-a production in PTSD patients compared to healthy controls. The results suggest that trauma exposure is sufficient to induce changes in GR binding characteristics, whereas resistance of T-cell proliferation to DEX only occurs in PTSD. DEX resistance of in vitro immune activity was not a general phenomenon, but was restricted to specific immune functions.

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“…55,56 As a second study limitation, we note that only 54% of the patients invited to participate did so, thereby raising the possibility of bias in that the participants could be either more or less likely to experience psychiatric symptoms. This participation rate exceeds the 50% criterion used in prior analyses of case-fi nding instruments 57 and is greater than some, 43,44 but not all, 45,46 recruitment rates reported in comparable studies validating other screening instruments. Further, our number of completed MINI reference standard interviews (647) is within the range of those performed in similar validation studies (eg, 585 with the PHQ-9, 46 and 965 reported with the GAD-7 scale 45 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Feasibility and Diagnostic Validity of the M-3 Checklist: A Brief, Self-Rated Screen for Depressive, Bipolar, Anxiety, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders in Primary Care

Gaynes

DeVeaugh-Geiss²,

Weir

et al. 2010

The Annals of Family Medicine

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PURPOSE Mood and anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric conditions seen in primary care, yet they remain underdetected and undertreated. Screening tools can improve detection, but available instruments are limited by the number of disorders assessed. We wanted to assess the feasibility and diagnostic validity of the My Mood Monitor (M-3) checklist, a new, 1-page, patient-rated, 27-item tool developed to screen for multiple psychiatric disorders in primary care. METHODSWe enrolled a sample of 647 consecutive participants aged 18 years and older who were seeking primary care at an academic family medicine clinic between July 2007 and February 2008. We used a 2-step scoring procedure to make screening more effi cient. The main outcomes measured were the sensitivity and specifi city of the M-3 for major depression, bipolar disorder, any anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a specifi c type of anxiety disorder. Using a split sample technique, analysis proceeded from determination of optimal screening thresholds to assessment of the psychometric properties of the self-report instrument using the determined thresholds. We used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview as the diagnostic standard. Feasibility was assessed with patient and physician exit questionnaires. RESULTSThe depression module had a sensitivity of 0.84 and a specifi city of 0.80. The bipolar module had a sensitivity of 0.88, and a specifi city of 0.70. The anxiety module had a sensitivity of 0.82 and a specifi city of 0.78, and the PTSD module had a sensitivity of 0.88 and a specifi city of 0.76. As a screen for any psychiatric disorder, sensitivity was 0.83 and specifi city was 0.76. Patients took less than 5 minutes to complete the M-3 in the waiting room, and less than 1% reported not having time to complete it. Eighty-three percent of clinicians reviewed the checklist in 30 or fewer seconds, and 80% thought it was helpful in reviewing patients' emotional health.CONCLUSIONS The M-3 demonstrates utility as a valid, effi cient, and feasible tool for screening multiple common psychiatric illnesses, including bipolar disorder and PTSD, in primary care. Its diagnostic accuracy equals that of currently used single-disorder screens and has the additional benefi t of being combined into a 1-page tool. The M-3 potentially can reduce missed psychiatric diagnoses and facilitate proper treatment of identifi ed cases. prescriptions for mood and anxiety disorders in the United States, 3-5 underrecognition and inadequate treatment of these disorders in primary care practices remain substantial concerns. [5][6][7][8] Tools to improve the identifi cation and management of these disorders are therefore being developed to address this problem. [9][10][11] Despite these efforts, available tools narrowly focus on identifying either depressive or anxiety disorders and provide little guidance for management. Most screening tools target unipolar depression (16.1% prevalence), 12 and they do not help to differentiate unip...

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The development of the Self‐Rating Inventory for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Cited by 115 publications

References 29 publications

The Validation of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Nonclinical Subjects

The Validation of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Nonclinical Subjects

Leukocyte glucocorticoid receptor expression and immunoregulation in veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder

Feasibility and Diagnostic Validity of the M-3 Checklist: A Brief, Self-Rated Screen for Depressive, Bipolar, Anxiety, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders in Primary Care

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