The Development of the Temporal Measurements for Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Cai, Yi; Chen, Zhenkuan; Zeng, Xuanke; Shangguan, Huangcheng; Lu, Xiaowei; Song, Qiying; Ai, Yuexia; Xu, Shixiang; Li, Jingzhen

doi:10.3390/app10217401

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…There are natural limitations for SPIDER to measure FFLP with complex spectra induced by SPM, so we should use other methods without spectral interference (SI) to deal with this problem. FROG is a typical method without SI based on spectrogram measurement, where the recorded trace is [12] 𝐼 𝜔, 𝜏 | 𝐸 𝑡 𝑔 𝑡 𝜏 𝑒𝑥𝑝 𝑖𝜔𝑡 𝑑𝑡 |…”

Section: Principles and Shg-forg Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Temporal Measurement of Infrared Femtosecond Fiber Laser Pulse with Complex Spectra: SPIDER and FROG

Lin

Cai

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Femtosecond fiber laser pulse (FFLP) is very suitable for precision laser processing (PLP) with the advantages of high power, compact integrated structure, and easy installation. However, with the power increasing, nonlinear optical effects (NOE) of fiber, such as self-phase modulation (SPM), will be greatly enhanced, and the spectra of the output pulse will be very complex, which considerably increases the temporal complexity of FFLP and takes an immeasurable influence on PLP, so it is of great significance to accurately measure the temporal property of FFLP for higher accuracy of PLP. This paper presents a self-referencing spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction based on a single grating stretcher (SGS-SPIDER) with the two-step phase shift (TSPS) method for measuring FFLP with complex and infrared spectra. Meanwhile, we present a modified pulse-retrieval algorithm called an adaptive pulse-retrieval algorithm (APRA) of frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) to reconstruct the measured pulse accurately. The duration of the reconstructed pulse measured by FROG is 162 fs, whose autocorrelation curve is similar to the measured autocorrelation curve including the picosecond background. The error of the reconstructed FROG trace is 0.42%, which is reliable enough according to the literature experience. Finally, the unique advantages of FROG for measuring complex ultrashort pulses such as FFLP are compared with SPIDER; that is, FROG has a wider spectral phase measuring range than SPIDER. These studies provide a new diagnostic technique for the complete temporal characterization of FFLP with complex spectra and extend the measurement range and application of SPIDER at the infrared wavelength band, which is significant for improving the accuracy of PLP using FFLP.

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Section: Principles and Shg-forg Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Temporal Measurement of Infrared Femtosecond Fiber Laser Pulse with Complex Spectra: SPIDER and FROG

Lin

Cai

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…14 Here, we report the comprehensive intensity-phase characterization study of ultrashort pulses propagated through a 10 mm thick PMMA sample by fully characterizing the input and output pulses using FROG and XFROG techniques. For quick and reliable data acquisition and analysis, we adopted the automated multi-shot second-harmonic generation (SHG) FROG 15 and the multi-shot sum frequency generation (SFG) XFROG 16,17 techniques. The SHG-FROG and SFG-XFROG techniques are preferred because of their versatility, sensitivity, and ease of implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental study of intensity‐phase characterization of femtosecond laser pulses propagated through a polymethyl methacrylate

Imran,

Naeem,

Hussain

2024

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This article presents a comprehensive investigation into the intensity‐phase characteristics of ultrashort laser pulses propagated through a 10 mm thick polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) using frequency‐resolved optical gating (FROG) and cross‐correlation frequency‐resolved optical gating (XFROG) techniques. The study focuses on discerning characteristic changes that are induced by the PMMA on the laser pulse. The results reveal that the phase variations exhibit a consistent trend and pattern. At the same time, the temporal full width at half maximum (FWHM) of both FROG and XFROG measurements displays only minor changes. The overall analysis indicates that PMMA induces no discernible modifications in the pulse, thus positioning it as a viable optical element. The analysis of reference FROG, FROG, and XFROG with PMMA is compared and discussed, showing that this analysis provides a foundation for optimizing PMMA's utilization in the optical components of ultrafast laser systems. This experimental study strongly affirms that PMMA could be a potential candidate as an optical element for laser pulses.

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“…In parallel to state-of-the-art temporal metrology development [18][19][20], significant progress has been made in measuring STC during the last decades. The development of spatio-temporal metrology is well summarized in reviews [6,21,22], while the cutting edge work is presented in recent papers [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of spatiotemporal couplings with far-field beamlet cross-correlation

Smartsev

Tata

Liberman

et al. 2022

J. Opt.

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We present a novel, straightforward method for the characterization of spatiotemporal couplings in ultra-short laser pulses. The method employs far-field interferometry and inverse Fourier transform spectroscopy, built on the theoretical basis derived in this paper. It stands out in its simplicity: it requires few non-standard optical elements and simple analysis algorithms. This method was used to measure the space-time intensity of our 100 TW class laser and to test the efficacy of a refractive doublet as a suppressor of pulse front curvature (PFC). The measured low-order spatiotemporal couplings agreed with ray-tracing simulations. In addition, we demonstrate a one-shot measurement technique, derived from our central method, which allows for quick and precise alignment of the compressor by pulse front tilt (PFT) minimization and for optimal refractive doublet positioning for the suppression of PFC.

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The Development of the Temporal Measurements for Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Cited by 6 publications

References 74 publications

The Temporal Measurement of Infrared Femtosecond Fiber Laser Pulse with Complex Spectra: SPIDER and FROG

The Temporal Measurement of Infrared Femtosecond Fiber Laser Pulse with Complex Spectra: SPIDER and FROG

An experimental study of intensity‐phase characterization of femtosecond laser pulses propagated through a polymethyl methacrylate

Characterization of spatiotemporal couplings with far-field beamlet cross-correlation

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