The development of vaccines against SARS corona virus in mice and SCID-PBL/hu mice

Abstract

We have investigated to develop novel vaccines against SARS CoV using cDNA constructs encoding the structural antigen; spike protein (S), membrane protein (M), envelope protein (E), or nucleocapsid (N) protein, derived from SARS CoV. Mice vaccinated with SARS-N or -M DNA using pcDNA 3.1(+) plasmid vector showed T cell immune responses (CTL induction and proliferation) against N or M protein, respectively. CTL responses were also detected to SARS DNA-transfected type II alveolar epithelial cells (T7 cell clone), which are thought to be initial target cells for SARS virus infection in human. To determine whether these DNA vaccines could induce T cell immune responses in humans as well as in mice, SCID-PBL/hu mice was immunized with these DNA vaccines. As expected, virus-specific CTL responses and T cell proliferation were induced from human T cells. SARS-N and SARS-M DNA vaccines and SCID-PBL/hu mouse model will be important in the development of protective vaccines.

A double-inactivated whole virus candidate SARS coronavirus vaccine stimulates neutralising and protective antibody responses

“…A number of different strategies have previously been reported for the development of experimental and candidate human SARS vaccines. These include inactivated whole virus vaccines [19][20][21], attenuated viral vectors expressing SARS-CoV proteins [7,8,12,13] and DNA vaccines [14,22]. We have favoured the strategy of a whole virus vaccine development for a number of reasons, including speed of development.…”

Vaccination of mice with recombinant baculovirus expressing spike or nucleocapsid protein of SARS-like coronavirus generates humoral and cellular immune responses

“…To date, several vaccines have been tested in pre-clinical or clinical studies, including vector-based DNA vaccines (Bisht et al, 2004;He et al, 2005;Okada et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2005;Yang et al, 2004), combination of whole killed virus and DNA vaccines (Zakhartchouk et al, 2005), inactivated whole virus vaccines (He et al, 2004;Spruth et al, 2006), and other recombinant proteins and their fragments. The majority of these vaccines target SARS-CoV structural proteins, particularly the S and N proteins.…”

Tuberculosis vaccine development :The development of a novel (preclinical) DNA vaccine

“…[24][25][26] Plasmids containing genes have also been used to induce protection against a variety of bacterial, viral (such as SARS corona virus), protozoal and helminth infection in animal models. 27,28 DNA vaccines by the use of several kinds of vectors including HVJ-envelope, HVJ-liposome, adenovirus vector and AAV vector were established.…”