The Development of Wake Turbulence Re-Categorization in the United States (Invited)

Cheng, Jillian; Hoff, Ashley; Tittsworth, Jeffrey; Gallo, Wayne A.

doi:10.2514/6.2016-3434

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, there are three initiatives being implemented today: (a) Wake Turbulence Recategorization by the FAA in the US [70] and by EuroControl in Europe [71]; (b) Dependent Staggered Approaches to Closely Spaced Parallel Runways by the FAA in the US and (c) Wake Turbulence Mitigation for Departures by the FAA in the US.…”

Section: Current Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of recent wake vortex research for increasing airport capacity

Hallock

Holzäpfel

2018

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

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This paper is a brief review of recent wake vortex research as it affects the operational problem of spacing aircraft to increase airport capacity and throughput. The paper addresses the questions of what do we know about wake vortices and what don't we know about wake vortices. The introduction of Heavy jets in the late 1960s stimulated the study of wake vortices for safety reasons and the use of pulsed lidars and the maturity of computational fluid dynamics in the last three decades have led to extensive data collection and analyses which are now resulting in the development and implementation of systems to safely decrease separations in the terminal environment. Although much has been learned about wake vortices and their behavior, there is still more to be learned about the phenomena of aircraft wake vortices.

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Section: Current Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of recent wake vortex research for increasing airport capacity

Hallock

Holzäpfel

2018

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

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“…The lidar study employs data of 8056 landings collected at the airports Dallas, Denver, Frankfurt, Memphis and Munich. During the Memphis 2013 campaign RECAT separations 3 were applied while during the other campaigns ICAO separations 25 were applicable. The analysis of the lidar observations reveals that, in at least 1.5% (3.7%) of the landings in which the measured vortices were generated in an altitude of about 50 m, the luff vortex remains within a distance of 25 m (50 m) to the follower aircraft within a temporal buffer of ±10 s of flyby.…”

Section: How Conservative Are the Wsvs Predictions Compared To Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few years ago, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) initiated a process for the optimization of wake turbulence separations termed RECAT. RECAT phase I, which is the classification into six categories considering the weight, approach speed, wing characteristics and the rolling moment exerted on following aircraft, has been implemented at selected airports in the US 3 and Europe 4 . RECAT phase II consists of a static separation matrix of distance and time for individual aircraft types (pair-wise separations) based upon similar metrics as RECAT I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Dynamic Pairwise Wake Vortex Separations for Approach and Landing at Vienna Airport

Holzäpfel

Strauss

Schwarz

2019

AIAA Aviation 2019 Forum

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The Wake Vortex Prediction System WSVS (WirbelSchleppenVorhersageSystem) has been developed to tactically increase airport capacity by employing dynamically adjusted aircraft separations for approach and landing without compromising safety. For this purpose the WSVS considers the involved aircraft type pairing, the prevailing weather conditions and the resulting wake vortex behavior. A Monte Carlo simulation study demonstrates that the WSVS is well adjusted to a reasonable level of safety. The simulation study evaluates the probability that wake vortices still linger within a defined radius around the follower aircraft and compares this probability to measurement data collected at five major international airports. The potential of the WSVS to optimize aircraft separations is assessed by employing nine months of traffic and weather prediction data collected at Vienna International Airport. Analyses of the separation reduction potential are established and compared to current regulations. Dependencies on prevailing headwind and crosswind conditions are discussed in terms of individual wake vortex behavior and statistical distributions of wake turbulence separations. The results indicate that substantial potential for safely reduced aircraft separations exists mainly under sufficiently strong crosswind conditions for any aircraft type combination requiring wake vortex separation minima.

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“…Based on this knowledge, new methodologies have been developed to identify new categories associated with acceptably safe separation minima. These methodologies have been described in detail by Lang et al [5], Eurocontrol [3], Rooseleer et al [7], and Cheng et al [8]. As the first step of achieving a dynamic pairwise separation between aircraft, a new six static wake turbulence categories have been defined instead of ICAO's conventional categorization.…”

Section: Recat Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

RECAT Uygulamasının İstanbul Yeni Havalimanı Hava Trafik Akış Yönetimine Olan Etkisinin Kesikli Olay Benzetimi ile Analizi

Çetek

Aydoğan

2019

Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi

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The rapid annual increase in air traffic volume leads to serious capacity problems especially at major airports. Airport runway capacities are significantly limited by wake turbulence phenomena between arriving and departing aircraft pairs. RECAT, an international joint effort, aims to redefine wake turbulence categories and their associated minima to increase runway capacities. This study analyses the impacts of possible RECAT implementation on arriving and departing flight sequences for independent parallel runway configurations with saturated demand. Istanbul New Airport is modelled as a test case using Simmod Pro, a discrete-event simulation tool. A baseline and an alternative scenario has been created to compare the current and RECAT separation minima. The implementation of RECAT improved the total throughput and reduced airborne delays for arriving flights while it increased departure queue delays and lengths. Further operational strategies are required to increase the benefits of RECAT for departing flight sequences.

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The Development of Wake Turbulence Re-Categorization in the United States (Invited)

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

A review of recent wake vortex research for increasing airport capacity

A review of recent wake vortex research for increasing airport capacity

Assessment of Dynamic Pairwise Wake Vortex Separations for Approach and Landing at Vienna Airport

RECAT Uygulamasının İstanbul Yeni Havalimanı Hava Trafik Akış Yönetimine Olan Etkisinin Kesikli Olay Benzetimi ile Analizi

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