The Development of Whistleblowing Laws in the United States and Europe (de lege ferenda remarks)

Abstract

Corruption, harassment in a workplace, practices contrary to the correct work process, and many others are irregularities that can arise in any enterprise. This is a problem that affects established democracies and free markets and post-communist countries that are transitioning to democracy and market economies. While the causes of irregularities vary, the tools often suggested tackling them include that do not necessarily encourage potential whistleblowers to report them, whether inside or outside the organization. This article discusses the role of whistleblowing as a whistle­blowing tool. Describes the law and whistleblowing in a comparative context, focusing on the United States and the European Union. The article then concludes with recommendations for strengthening whistleblowing in Europe, where reporting irregularities is just beginning, and the level of protection differs between the Member States.

Whistleblowing in the travel industry: A research in the context of idealism and affective commitment

“…Nevertheless, instances of corporate fraud and scandals, such as deceitful practices, bribery, and unethical policies within the tourism industry have resulted in job losses, detrimental competition, societal moral harm, and harm to the country's reputation (Srivastava & Gupta, 2022). Furthermore, whistleblowers encounter various forms of retaliation (Kobroń-Gąsiorowska, 2021;Chen et al, 2023). It is crucial to scrutinise this problem within the context of the tourism industry.…”