Conventionally, the concept of development has been equated with economic growth. As a result, mainstream literature-both academic and in the media-has viewed development as a fundamentally economic, perhaps even technocratic process. This book argues that development must be understood in much broader terms, as a historical change process (Kothari 2005: 5; see also Wylde 2012). It is the nature of this change that facilitates the marshalling of different resources to enact new ways to promote growth and welfare. After all, to paraphrase a popular analogy, growth on its own is simply about a bigger pie; development is about changing the very contents, make-up, and distribution of that pie-as well as growing its size. How is this intensely complex task to be undertaken, managed, and coordinated? (Neo)liberalism broadly states that this will happen spontaneously, a concept popularised by Adam Smith's 'invisible hand' of the market (Smith 1880/1776: 28). This book will argue that development does not happen solely of its own accord, and certainly not with the speed and continuity that is required if a real and sustained improvement in human welfare is to be achieved in the course of a generation. As Adrian Leftwich (2000: 7) noted: '…what is required is a central coordinating intelligence or coordinating capacity which can steer, push, cajole, persuade, entice, coordinate and at times instruct the wide range of economic agents and their groupings to go this way instead of that, to do this and not that, and which itself can act here or when private agents either cannot or will not'.