The Diagnosis and Classification of Mediastinal Masses. 1. A Study of 782 Cases

Lyons, Harold A.; Calvy, George L.; Sammons, Billy P.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-51-5-897

Cited by 72 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Any case presenting with posterior mediastinal mass shall have a differential diagnosis of neurogenic tumors, foregut cysts, sarcoma, aneurysms, esophageal neoplasms, intrathoracic goiter, mediastinal pseudocysts, and lymphoma. 1 , 2 Around 10% of masses are of vascular origin, 3 of which inferior phrenic artery (IPA) pseudoaneurysm is a rare one that comes into the category of visceral aneurysms. 4 Pseudoaneurysms are outpouching from the arterial blood vessels and occur due to a breach in the vessel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Subdiaphragmatic Hemorrhage From an Aneurysm of Inferior Phrenic Artery

Pulivarthi,

Katamreddy,

Vulasala

et al. 2024

ACG Case Rep J

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Inferior phrenic artery (IPA) aneurysms are the rarest type of visceral aneurysms. It usually occurs secondary to trauma, surgery, or as a complication of pancreatitis. In addition, it can be a manifestation of underlying systemic pathology such as vasculitis, collagen vascular disorders, sepsis, or segmental arterial mediolysis. It can be associated with hypertension in 43% of cases. The presentation of IPA aneurysm is nonspecific with abdominal pain, melena, hematochezia, and anemia. The ruptured and actively bleeding aneurysm can lead to hemorrhagic shock, and immediate management is required with angiography and endovascular embolization with coil or gel foam or stent etc. Inaccessible locations are reached with surgical intervention, but it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. We here report a rare case of spontaneously ruptured IPA pseudoaneurysm extending from the posterior mediastinum to the subdiaphragmatic area and managed with coil and gel foam embolization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Subdiaphragmatic Hemorrhage From an Aneurysm of Inferior Phrenic Artery

Pulivarthi,

Katamreddy,

Vulasala

et al. 2024

ACG Case Rep J

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“…The involvement of lymph nodes in TB also causes increased lymph node size (3) because of the accumulation of stimulated phagocytes caused by surviving mycobacteria and the fusion of phagosomal compartments, with possible fibrotic changes (4). TB also causes hot uptake on FDG-PET because glucose metabolism is increased with the accumulation of FDG in the inflammatory phagocytes and macrophages in the granulation tissue (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Parenchymal Tuberculosis Sequelae on Mediastinal Lymph Node Staging in Patients with Lung Cancer

et al. 2011

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Because tuberculous (TB) involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes (LN) could cause false positive results in nodal staging of lung cancer, we examined the accuracy of nodal staging in lung cancer patients with radiographic sequelae of healed TB. A total of 54 lung cancer patients with radiographic TB sequelae in the lung parenchyma ipsilateral to the resected lung, who had undergone at least ipsilateral 4- and 7-lymph node dissection after both chest computed tomography (CT) and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/CT were included for the analysis. The median age of 54 subjects was 66 yr and 48 were males. Calcified nodules and fibrotic changes were the most common forms of healed parenchymal pulmonary TB. Enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes (short diameter > 1 cm) were identified in 21 patients and positive mediastinal lymph nodes were identified using FDG-PET/CT in 19 patients. The overall sensitivity and specificity for mediastinal node metastasis were 60.0% and 69.2% with CT and 46.7% and 69.2% with FDG-PET/CT, respectively. In conclusion, the accuracy of nodal staging using CT or FDG-PET/CT might be low in lung cancer patients with parenchymal TB sequelae, because of inactive TB lymph nodes without viable TB bacilli.

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“…Mediastinal lymphadenopathy is difficult to diagnose and often mimics mediastinal tumor and malignant lymphoma [1]. Surgery is sometimes necessary in order to establish a diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Tuberculosis with Hoarseness as a Chief Complaint due to Mediastinal Lymphadenitis

Nagai¹,

Ueno

Tanaka

et al. 2011

Case Rep Gastroenterol

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A 68-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of hoarseness. A chest X-ray detected an abnormal shadow on the upper right lung. Bronchoscopic examination revealed that the left vocal cord was fixed in the paramedian position, and therefore left recurrent nerve paralysis was suspected. Lymphadenopathy was found in the left supraclavicular area. Chest computed tomography showed that the pretracheal and subaortic lymph nodes were swollen. Gastroendoscopy showed a 2-cm protruding lesion with ulceration on the upper esophagus. Histological examination of the supraclavicular lymph nodes and biopsy specimens from the esophagus revealed non-specific inflammation. PET-CT showed abnormal accumulations not only on the upper right lung but also on the lower right of the abdomen. Colonoscopy was performed and multiple erosions on the terminal ileum were found. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of a specimen biopsied from the erosion of the terminal ileum was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and intestinal tuberculosis was diagnosed. The patient was then treated with anti-tuberculous therapy. After treatment, the erosions on the terminal ileum, the swelling of the mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and the esophageal ulcer were all improved. The hoarseness was subsequently relieved. This is the first report of intestinal tuberculosis with hoarseness as a chief complaint due to mediastinal lymphadenitis.

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The Diagnosis and Classification of Mediastinal Masses. 1. A Study of 782 Cases

Cited by 72 publications

References 26 publications

Spontaneous Subdiaphragmatic Hemorrhage From an Aneurysm of Inferior Phrenic Artery

Spontaneous Subdiaphragmatic Hemorrhage From an Aneurysm of Inferior Phrenic Artery

Impact of Parenchymal Tuberculosis Sequelae on Mediastinal Lymph Node Staging in Patients with Lung Cancer

Intestinal Tuberculosis with Hoarseness as a Chief Complaint due to Mediastinal Lymphadenitis

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