The diagnosis and management of male genital lichen sclerosus: a retrospective review of 301 patients

Abstract

Introduction Male genital lichen sclerosus (MGLSc) is an acquired, chronic, inflammatory skin disease that is associ-

Obesity‐related male genital lichen sclerosus

“…This is in stark contrast to non‐obese men who are circumcised for refractory lichen sclerosus. Circumcision is generally curative in these men, and we have seen no cases of SCC in the MGLSc patients diagnosed and treated in our subspecialty clinics over the last 20 years …”

“…Circumcision is generally curative in these men, and we have seen no cases of SCC in the MGLSc patients diagnosed and treated in our subspecialty clinics over the last 20 years. 2,6,13 Weight loss was recommended to all patients, but unfortunately was only achieved by two (11%) patients. Patients who successfully lose a significant amount of weight are often troubled by redundant skin folds that can frustratingly create conditions that promote MGLSc.…”

Balanitis xerotica obliterans: a review of diagnosis and management

“…It is also argued that the distribution of BXO mirrors the areas subject to urine under occlusion, and unlike LS in women, BXO tends to spare the anogenital region, which is shielded from urine by the scrotum. This chronic irritation of susceptible epithelium is considered to be a predisposing factor to the development of BXO …”

“…An Italian study reported that in a cohort of 86 men with BXO, 5.8% went on to develop premalignant change or invasive SCC . A recent retrospective review found that 13.6% of patients with BXO had evidence of penile intraepithelial neoplasia . This high figure is possibly attributable to nearly 50% of this cohort being referred by urologists.…”

“…This chronic irritation of susceptible epithelium is considered to be a predisposing factor to the development of BXO. 13 An association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and BXO has been reported in children, with two small studies of 23 14 and 11 15 patients, identifying HPV by PCR in 52 and 64% of cases, respectively. HPV infection is also documented in young girls and may be suggestive of abuse as it is thought that nonsexual transmission can occur in children; however, the meaning of these figures is unclear.…”