The Diagnosis and Management of Reversible Dementia Syndromes

Bevins, Elizabeth A.; Peters, Jonathan; Léger, Gabriel C.

doi:10.1007/s11940-020-00657-x

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…31,32 Initial assessment involves ruling out illnesses with similar symptoms (e.g., depression, delirium, hearing loss) and checking for reversible dementia syndromes with treatable etiologies (e.g., B 12 deficiency, hypothyroidism, normal pressure hydrocephalus). 33 An eventual diagnosis of dementia is generally based on clinical evaluation of the combined results from multiple further assessments (e.g., a medical history, cognitive tests, possibly brain imaging scans).…”

Section: Dementia Types Risk Factors and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Be aware of the potential for symptoms indicative of dementia not yet diagnosed ➢ Be mindful patients may have symptoms indicative of possible dementia, but not yet recognized or formally diagnosed as dementia, and which in fact could result from other conditions (e.g., delirium, hearing loss) or potentially reversible causes (e.g., B 12 deficiency, hypothyroidism; Bevins 2021 33 ). ➢ Establish and follow locally appropriate pathways for investigation, referral, or signposting of patients with dementia-indicative symptoms to support timely access to symptom assessment, diagnosis, and care (in specialist oncogeriatric services, including geriatricians, psychiatrists, etc., dementia assessment may be possible in-house).…”

Section: Document Comorbid Dementia Accessibly In Patient Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After potential dementia symptoms have been presented to, or noticed and raised by, a health care professional (e.g., a general practitioner), the process of diagnosis may be managed by general practitioners in primary care and/or may involve referral to specialist services (e.g., memory clinics led by psychologists and/or psychiatrists) 31,32 . Initial assessment involves ruling out illnesses with similar symptoms (e.g., depression, delirium, hearing loss) and checking for reversible dementia syndromes with treatable etiologies (e.g., B 12 deficiency, hypothyroidism, normal pressure hydrocephalus) 33 . An eventual diagnosis of dementia is generally based on clinical evaluation of the combined results from multiple further assessments (e.g., a medical history, cognitive tests, possibly brain imaging scans).…”

Section: Overview Of Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Be mindful patients may have symptoms indicative of possible dementia, but not yet recognized or formally diagnosed as dementia, and which in fact could result from other conditions (e.g., delirium, hearing loss) or potentially reversible causes (e.g., B 12 deficiency, hypothyroidism; Bevins 2021 33 ).…”

Section: Practice and Research Recommendations To Optimize Cancer Car...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cancer care for people with dementia: Literature overview and recommendations for practice and research

Ashley

Surr

Kelley

et al. 2022

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

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As many countries experience population aging, patients with cancer are becoming older and have more preexisting comorbidities, which include prevalent, age-related, chronic conditions such as dementia. People living with dementia (PLWD) are vulnerable to health disparities, and dementia has high potential to complicate and adversely affect care and outcomes across the cancer trajectory. This report offers an overview of dementia and its prevalence among patients with cancer and a summary of the research literature examining cancer care for PLWD. The reviewed research indicates that PLWD are more likely to have cancer diagnosed at an advanced stage, receive no or less extensive cancer treatment, and have poorer survival after a cancer diagnosis. These cancer disparities do not necessarily signify inappropriately later diagnosis or lower treatment of people with dementia as aThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Section: Dementia Types Risk Factors and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Document Comorbid Dementia Accessibly In Patient Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Practice and Research Recommendations To Optimize Cancer Car...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cancer care for people with dementia: Literature overview and recommendations for practice and research

Ashley

Surr

Kelley

et al. 2022

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

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“…Dementia is by far one of the most devastating syndromes that include a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, such as loss of memory, impairments in learning and thinking [157]. However, dementia caused by neurodegenerative diseases, for example, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, are irreversible in nature [158]- [160]. Given the overall population worldwide with dementia is predicted to be approximately 75 million by 2030 [161], it is urgently required to develop early therapeutics to overcome this pandemic rate of disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of creatine supplementation and mTORC1 signaling in ameliorating cognitive deficiency in a neuroinflammatory rat model

Mao¹

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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was defined as a boundary area between cognitive function of natural aging and dementia. Early studies have suggested that MCI could be a therapeutic window for prevention of dementia, given the irreversible nature involved in the pathology of dementia. One promising intervention may appear to be beneficial for MCI is creatine (Cr), which has been proven to be effective for ameliorating cognitive deficiency in general. However, it is unclear whether Cr supplementation could ameliorate cognitive deficiency in MCI. Moreover, the neuro-molecular evidence regarding the positive neurocognitive effects of Cr supplementation is currently lacking, hindering the clinical application. In order to better understand the neurocognitive and neuro-molecular effects underlying the Cr supplementation in the context MCI, I established a neuroinflammatory female Wistar rat model, which resembles the pathology of MCI in humans. Chronic (6-week) supplementation of Cr significantly ameliorated cognitive deficits in rats receiving intracerebroventricular injections of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that induces neuroinflammation. Molecular analysis revealed that Cr supplementation robustly increased mTORC1 signaling and its downstream synaptic proteins, PSD-95 and synapsin, in dentate gyrus but not in medial prefrontal cortex. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed upregulation of mTORC1 in NeuN+ neurons. Importantly, selective inhibition of mTORC1 signaling through rapamycin attenuated the protective effects of chronic Cr supplementation in ameliorating cognitive deficits. Lastly, acute Cr treatment (12 and 24-hour) was sufficient to activate mTORC1 signaling within PC12 cells. In conclusion, the present study provides a novel insight to this field and offers a promising therapeutic treatment for cognitive deficiency.

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Multi‐disciplinary collaborative consensus guidance statement on the assessment and treatment of cognitive symptoms in patients with post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (PASC)

Fine

Ambrose

Didehbani

et al. 2022

PM&R

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Note: This table is included in the Appendix to provide additional information for clinicians who are treating patients for PASC-related cognitive symptoms. This is not intended to be a comprehensive list, but rather to provide clinical examples as they relate to health equity, health disparities, and social determinants of health. The literature demonstrates that all marginalized groups face socioeconomic barriers and access to care barriers, though these may or may not be barriers for a specific individual patient. People with intersectional identities (eg, those who identify with more than one underrepresented or marginalized group), often face enhanced levels of bias and discrimination. Abbreviation: PASC, postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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The Diagnosis and Management of Reversible Dementia Syndromes

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Cancer care for people with dementia: Literature overview and recommendations for practice and research

Cancer care for people with dementia: Literature overview and recommendations for practice and research

The role of creatine supplementation and mTORC1 signaling in ameliorating cognitive deficiency in a neuroinflammatory rat model

Multi‐disciplinary collaborative consensus guidance statement on the assessment and treatment of cognitive symptoms in patients with post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (PASC)

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