The diagnosis and prevalence of subclinical endometritis in cows evaluated by different cytologic thresholds

Barański, Wojciech; Podhalicz-Dziegielewska, M; Zduńczyk, S; Janowski, Tomasz

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.07.018

Cited by 69 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Such a small difference between the two studies can be associated with different study populations and different environmental factors to which the herds were exposed. Some researchers claim that the prevalence of this disorder in postpartal cows is a herd-specific feature (Gilbert et al 2005, Barański et al 2012). Because our study was conducted on 8 commercial dairy herds, our data reflect a real situation in the population of Polish dairy cows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of subclinical endometritis in repeat breeding cows and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the endometrium of repeat breeding cows with and without subclinical endometritis

Janowski¹,

Barański²,

Łukasik³

et al. 2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Information on the prevalence of subclinical endometritis and its mechanism in repeat breeding cows is very limited. The aims of this study were: a) to evaluate the incidence of this disorder with cytobrush cytology b) to analyze mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in endometrial biopsy samples collected from repeat breeding cows with and without subclinical endometritis.Two experiments were carried out. In experiment 1, 112 (12.4%) repeat breeding cows (inseminated at least 3 times and not pregnant) were selected out of 902 cows from 8 dairy herds. Cytobrush cytology was performed on these cows, using the threshold of 10% PMNs in uterine smears. The results showed that 45 out of the 112 cows (40.2%) were diagnosed as having subclinical endometritis. In experiment 2, uterine biopsy samples were taken from repeat breeding cows with subclinical endometritis (n = 10) and without this disorder (n = 10). Using reverse transcription-PCR, the mRNA expression of TNFα and iNOS was determined. A statistically significant increase in expression of both substances was measured in the group of cows with subclinical endometritis (p < 0.05).These results provide evidence for a high prevalence of subclinical endometritis in repeat breeding cows as well as the involvement of TNFα and iNOS pathways in the regulation of this pathological condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of subclinical endometritis in repeat breeding cows and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the endometrium of repeat breeding cows with and without subclinical endometritis

Janowski¹,

Barański²,

Łukasik³

et al. 2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…In cows (Gilbert, 2011), mares (Koblischke et al, 2008) and women (Boomsma et al, 2009b), ultrasound monitoring is routinely used to detect fluid in the uterine lumen before undergoing ET. The presence of uterine fluid in the uterine cavity may be a symptom of subclinical endometritis in cattle (Kasimanickam et al, 2004, Barański et al, 2012 or a postbreeding inflammatory response in mares (Watson, 2000) or a reflux of hydrosalpinx fluid into the uterine lumen in women (Sharara et al, 1996) all of which might have a deleterious effect on embryo development and survival, decreasing the pregnancy rates after AI/ET by affecting attachment (Maischberger et al, 2008, He et al, 2010, Brodzki et al, 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is basically due to the lack of agreement about the threshold values of PMN cells and the possible false negatives that can be diagnosed. In subclinical endometritis, the threshold values mentioned in different studies ranged from 5 to 18% (Kasimanickam et al, 2004, Barlund et al, 2008, Barański et al, 2012. These differences in the percentages of PMN between the studies are based on the inflammatory changes in the uterus after parturition showing higher percentage of PMN during first weeks postpartum, decreasing by the time of uterine involution (Barański et al, 2012).…”

Section: Collection Of Endometrial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In subclinical endometritis, the threshold values mentioned in different studies ranged from 5 to 18% (Kasimanickam et al, 2004, Barlund et al, 2008, Barański et al, 2012. These differences in the percentages of PMN between the studies are based on the inflammatory changes in the uterus after parturition showing higher percentage of PMN during first weeks postpartum, decreasing by the time of uterine involution (Barański et al, 2012). In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of cytological samples may result in false negatives (Ahmadi et al, 2006, Galvao et al, 2011, Ghasemi et al, 2012.…”

Section: Collection Of Endometrial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A scraping of the endometrial surface is taken and then microscopically the ratio of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to epithelial cells is estimated and expressed as a percentage of PMN which can then be used to categorise cows as healthy or with subclinical or clinical endometritis (Barański et al, 2012, Madoz et al, 2014. Controversy exists about the interpretation of cytology samples.…”

Section: Collection Of Endometrial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

Ramirez-Garzon

Satake

Lyons

et al. 2017

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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In cattle, early embryonic loss during the first two to three weeks after fertilisation is recognised as the major cause of reproductive failure, with consequent significant impacts on business performance of beef and dairy farms. Inadequate endometrial receptivity is considered an important cause of early embryonic mortality in cattle. A pilot experiment was conducted to compare the outcome of performing different endometrial sampling procedures in tropically adapted (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) heifers, and to select the most suitable method to collect samples for investigation of endometrial gene expression. Endometrial biopsy (EB) using a biopsy device with a diameter similar to an artificial insemination gun (10366L Karl Storz®, Germany) was found to be the most reliable method of collecting endometrial samples in these heifers, with the samples recovered yielding a mean concentration of RNA of 72.9 ±39.3 ng/µl and mean RNA integrity number (RIN) of 7.3 ±1.1.To assess the likely safety of conducting EB in cattle a systematic review of published information assessing the impact of EB on subsequent pregnancy rates was conducted. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol, online searches identified 1164 possible studies. After applying the exclusion criteria, six studies allowed the comparison of pregnancy rates between sampled (n= 1,208) and non-sampled cows (n=2,393). The results showed that EB can be performed before breeding without adversely affecting the likelihood of cows becoming pregnant.A major objective of the research was to determine whether EB and evaluation of endometrial gene expression could be used to identify tropically adapted embryo transfer (ET) recipients more likely to become pregnant. Three potential EB scenarios were investigated, 1) EB on Day 7 of the oestrous cycle prior to the cycle when ET would be performed, 2) EB on Day 4 of the oestrous cycle in which ET would be performed i.e. EB 3 days before ET, and 3) EB on the same day when ET would be performed.The first study assessed the morphological and inflammatory changes induced by endometrial biopsy. Pre-synchronised heifers underwent EB from the horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (CL) either at Day 7 of the previous cycle (Group 1 n=10) followed by administration of a luteolytic dose of prostaglandin F2α or at Day 4 (Group 2, n=7) of the present cycle. All heifers were slaughtered on Day 7 of the present cycle. The site of EB was visually evident in 40% (4/10) of Group 1 and 42% (3/7) of Group 2 heifers. Histological assessment revealed no evidence of changes indicative of endometritis in either the biopsied or non-biopsied horns in both groups. The histological iii changes observed included mild mononuclear infiltration of the epithelium and mild vascular changes associated with haemorrhage and congestion.Initial investigation of the endometrial expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1β and wound healing cytokine TGFβ genes found no significant difference betwe...

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Subclinical endometritis in estrual buffaloes: diagnosis, prevalence and impact on reproductive performance

Singh

Brar

Honparkhe

et al. 2019

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The diagnosis and prevalence of subclinical endometritis in cows evaluated by different cytologic thresholds

Cited by 69 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of subclinical endometritis in repeat breeding cows and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the endometrium of repeat breeding cows with and without subclinical endometritis

Prevalence of subclinical endometritis in repeat breeding cows and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the endometrium of repeat breeding cows with and without subclinical endometritis

63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

Subclinical endometritis in estrual buffaloes: diagnosis, prevalence and impact on reproductive performance

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