The Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

Litwin, Mark S.; Tan, Hung‐Jui

doi:10.1001/jama.2017.7248

Cited by 1,144 publications

(918 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…At present, radiation, surgery or pharmacological androgen deprivation therapy is the most common treatments against PCa, especially for hormone-dependent PCa (HDPC). Although many PCa patients have HDPC, unfortunately, the vast majority of them finally become hormonal refractory PCa (HRPC) or castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) patients after 18 to 24 months [1, 2]. CRPC has become one of the difficult problems for urologists and oncologists due to its high metastatic potential, resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and easy relapse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corosolic acid, a natural triterpenoid, induces ER stress-dependent apoptosis in human castration resistant prostate cancer cells via activation of IRE-1/JNK, PERK/CHOP and TRIB3

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

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BackgroundThe development of potent non-toxic chemotherapeutic drugs against castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains a major challenge. Corosolic acid (CA), a natural triterpenoid, has anti-cancer activity with limited side effects. However, CA anti-prostate cancer activities and mechanisms, particularly in CRPC, are not clearly understood. In this study, we investigated CA anti-tumor ability against human CRPC and its mechanism of action.MethodsThe cell apoptosis and proliferation effects were evaluated via MTT detection, colony formation assay and flow cytometry. Western blot, gene transfection and immunofluorescence assay were applied to investigate related protein expression of Endoplasmic reticulum stress. A xenograft tumor model was established to investigate the inhibitory effect of CA on castration resistant prostate cancer in vivo.ResultsThe results showed that CA inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cell (PCa) line PC-3 and DU145, as well as retarded tumor growth in a xenograft model, exerting a limited toxicity to normal cells and tissues. Importantly, CA activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated two pro-apoptotic signaling pathways, as evidenced by increased protein levels of typical ER stress markers including IRE-1/ASK1/JNK and PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP. IRE-1, PERK or CHOP knockdown partially attenuated CA cytotoxicity against PCa cells. Meanwhile, CHOP induced expression increased Tribbles 3 (TRIB3) level, which lead to AKT inactivation and PCa cell death. CHOP silencing resulted in PCa cells sensitive to CA-induced apoptosis.ConclusionOur data demonstrated, for the first time, that CA might represent a novel drug candidate for the development of an anti-CRPC therapy.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0889-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corosolic acid, a natural triterpenoid, induces ER stress-dependent apoptosis in human castration resistant prostate cancer cells via activation of IRE-1/JNK, PERK/CHOP and TRIB3

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

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“…Currently, early detected organ confined CaP is managed by active surveillance, surgery or radiation therapy (2). A significant subset of CaP patients (20% to 40%) experience biochemical recurrence after definitive treatment prompting hormone ablation and chemo therapy (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Small Molecule That Selectively Inhibits ERG-Positive Cancer Cell Growth

et al. 2018

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“…For men with less aggressive disease, particularly those with PSA less than 10 ng/ml and Gleason score less than 6, active surveillance is the preferred approach. [11] Radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy still offer the best hope for cure in patients with localized disease. [11] Despite the recent change in therapeutic landscape, metastatic disease remains incurable and often fatal.…”

Section: Published By Sciedu Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11] Radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy still offer the best hope for cure in patients with localized disease. [11] Despite the recent change in therapeutic landscape, metastatic disease remains incurable and often fatal. ADT with a GnRH agonist or antagonist remains the mainstay of systemic therapy for locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer.…”

Section: Published By Sciedu Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer metastatic to the planum sphenoidale presenting as sequential bilateral vision loss

Yohannan

Feldman

2018

CRIM

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Metastasis to the anterior cranial fossa from solid tumors is very unusual. We describe a 72-year-old male with history of locally advanced prostate cancer who presented with sequential bilateral vision loss, initially misdiagnosed and mistreated as giant cell arteritis. Neuroimaging eventually revealed an extra-axial soft tissue mass in the planum sphenoidale exerting a pressure effect on the cisternal segments of the optic nerves. He underwent surgical excision of the mass to try to improve his vision. Biopsy results confirmed high grade metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. He was started on high dose glucocorticoids and radiation therapy and his visual symptoms improved. Patients with metastatic prostate cancer can develop cranial nerve deficits secondary to metastatic involvement of the skull base. Early recognition and appropriate therapy is essential to prevent permanent neurological impairment.

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The Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

Cited by 1,144 publications

References 95 publications

Corosolic acid, a natural triterpenoid, induces ER stress-dependent apoptosis in human castration resistant prostate cancer cells via activation of IRE-1/JNK, PERK/CHOP and TRIB3

Corosolic acid, a natural triterpenoid, induces ER stress-dependent apoptosis in human castration resistant prostate cancer cells via activation of IRE-1/JNK, PERK/CHOP and TRIB3

Identification of a Small Molecule That Selectively Inhibits ERG-Positive Cancer Cell Growth

Prostate cancer metastatic to the planum sphenoidale presenting as sequential bilateral vision loss

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