The Diagnostic Significance of the Minimal Erythema Dose

Stern, William K.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1972.01620060029005

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, this is often referred to in terms of minimal erythemal dose (MED), with little or no reference to the actual dose received. Stern and Urbach 8 stated that ‘it is not always clear whether “minimal” refers to the shade of erythema produced or to the least amount in energy in one of a series of increasing doses that produces erythema’. Stern and Urbach 8 subsequently commented that variables such as time to generate MED or the spectral output of the light source used were rarely mentioned.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Light Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stern and Urbach 8 stated that ‘it is not always clear whether “minimal” refers to the shade of erythema produced or to the least amount in energy in one of a series of increasing doses that produces erythema’. Stern and Urbach 8 subsequently commented that variables such as time to generate MED or the spectral output of the light source used were rarely mentioned. Recent publications have begun to correct these oversights, thus allowing easier comparison between different investigations.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Light Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultraviolet light induced injury: Immunological and inflammatory effects

2001

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Summary This article reviews many of the complex events that occur after cutaneous ultraviolet (UV) exposure. The inflammatory changes of acute exposure of the skin include erythema (sunburn), the production of inflammatory mediators, alteration of vascular responses and an inflammatory cell infiltrate. Damage to proteins and DNA accumulates within skin cells and characteristic morphological changes occur in keratinocytes and other skin cells. When a cell becomes damaged irreparably by UV exposure, cell death follows via apoptotic mechanisms. Alterations in cutaneous and systemic immunity occur as a result of the UV-induced inflammation and damage, including changes in the production of cytokines by keratinocytes and other skin-associated cells, alteration of adhesion molecule expression and the loss of APC function within the skin. These changes lead to the generation of suppressor T cells, the induction of antigen-specific immunosuppression and a lowering of cell-mediated immunity. These events impair the immune system's capacity to reject highly antigenic skin cancers. This review gives an overview of the acute inflammatory and immunological events associated with cutaneous UV exposure, which are important to consider before dealing with the complex interactions that occur with chronic UV exposure, leading to photocarcinogenesis.

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Section: Ultraviolet Light Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ultraviolet Light Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet light induced injury: Immunological and inflammatory effects

2001

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“…Twenty‐four hours after the application, UVB irradiation (1·5 minimal erythema dose, MED) was carried out (upper back). The MED was determined individually 24 h before irradiation by standard methods 8 . Erythema suppression was measured at 8, 24 and 48 h after UVB irradiation by visual scoring (upper back).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved risk-benefit ratio for topical triamcinolone acetonide in TransfersomeR in comparison with equipotent cream and ointment: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2003

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“…In UV studies, an individual's MED is determined by exposing the skin to graded doses of UV radiation, and the lowest dose resulting in uniform erythema is considered the MED. In a study population, there is a wide distribution of the dose of UV resulting in an MED [30] . An individual's MED can then be used in the subsequent challenge to evaluate the activity of topical anti-infl ammatory agents [31] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a Minimal Erythema Concentration of Methyl Nicotinate for Optimum Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatories

Jumbelic¹,

Liebel²,

Southall³

2006

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Topical administration of chemicals such as methyl nicotinate that induce erythema have been employed to measure the effectiveness of formulations containing anti-inflammatory agents. Prior studies have utilized a single concentration of methyl nicotinate, between 36.5 and 100 mM, for all test subjects in evaluations of topical formulations. However, individuals have different thresholds of response to methyl nicotinate; thus, a single concentration may not be appropriate for all individuals and could result in the apparent lack of anti-inflammatory activity of the formulation being evaluated. In the current study, we evaluated the use of a minimal erythema concentration (MEC) of methyl nicotinate, defined as the lowest concentration that produces a complete and even erythema at the test site, compared with a 36.5-mM concentration of methyl nicotinate. Hydroalcoholic gels containing the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen were compared with placebo. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was employed to measure differences in cutaneous inflammatory response between the control (placebo)-treated group and the ibuprofen-treated group. When chemical erythema was induced using an MEC of methyl nicotinate, greater reductions in erythema were seen in ibuprofen-treated sites compared with sites treated with a 36.5-mM concentration of methyl nicotinate. In conclusion, for an accurate assessment method of erythema induced by methyl nicotinate, consideration should be given to determining the extent of response of an erythema-producing agent on an individual basis. An MEC of methyl nicotinate should be determined and employed for each individual to obtain more consistent and reliable efficacy results of anti-inflammatory activity.

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The Diagnostic Significance of the Minimal Erythema Dose

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Ultraviolet light induced injury: Immunological and inflammatory effects

Ultraviolet light induced injury: Immunological and inflammatory effects

Improved risk-benefit ratio for topical triamcinolone acetonide in TransfersomeR in comparison with equipotent cream and ointment: a randomized controlled trial

Establishing a Minimal Erythema Concentration of Methyl Nicotinate for Optimum Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatories

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