The diagnostic value of ultrasonography in detection of different types of thyroid nodules

Abstract

Background This article discusses the importance of high frequency ultrasonography in detection of different types of thyroid nodules considering only the histopathological examination of the surgical specimens as the final diagnosis. We studied 50 patients referred to ENT clinic with a thyroid nodule. Ultrasonography and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy were done to all the patients. Thyroid surgery was done according to FNAB results. Result From 50 thyroid specimens, the US could predict the malignancy in 18 specimens. By histopathology, only 16 specimens were malignant, and 34 were benign thyroid disease. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of US were 100%, 94.12%, and 96% respectively. The most suspicious ultrasongraphic feature was microcalcification followed by taller than wider (T ˃ W). Conclusion High frequency ultrasound is a very important tool to predict the malignant possibility during thyroid nodule evaluation.

The Accuracies of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy without Ultrasound Guidance versus Frozen-Section Examination of Thyroid Nodule Diagnosis in Teaching Hospital Universitas Sumatera Utara: Single-Center Experience

“…However, the latter statement is generally acceptable if only the diagnostic procedures implemented the US guidance especially for some complex nodules or posteriorly located nodule; unquestionably increasing its Acc either anatomically or histopathological investigation in advance [12], [15], [16]. Our findings of FNAB (without US-guided) accuracies parameter were similarly reported in a recent study by Youssef et al, in 2020, in which stating the Sn, Sp, PPV, and NPV value of US-guided FNAB for 37.5%, 100.0%, 100.0%, and 77.27%, respectively; for a review purpose, the same study applied the utilization of Bethesda scoring method for its nodule status determination (I-IV for benign and V-VI for malignant) with p-value of 0.001 in the its diagnostic performance analysis [17]. Another study by Bozbiyik et al, in 2011, demonstrate similar value of accuracies parameter value to determine the diagnosis in large thyroid nodules as compared to Youssef et al and our study.…”

The Value of Ultrasonography Using Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TIRADS) in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer Among the Population of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia

“…Even though FNAB is the method of choice, the first step taken in evaluating any thyroid nodule is the use of ultrasonography. This is followed by FNAB, which decides whether the patient will undergo surgical management or not [ 18 ].…”

“…Our study results have concluded that the sensitivity of the ultrasonography in the confirmation of a malignant thyroid lesion in 59.4% and its specificity was 74.3%. In comparison, Youssef et al have concluded in a similar study that the sensitivity of ultrasonography in detecting was 100% with a specificity of 94.12% [ 18 ].…”

Optimization assisted convolutional neural network for detection of thyroid

“…Modified GLCM: Consider an image g(y, z) of size M × N with L gray levels. Moreover, the GLCM of the image that carries the information regarding the intensities transition among the nearby pixels is determined as in Equation (5).…”

“…The amount of thyroid hormones is connected with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Moreover, the excess thyroid hormone leads to hyperthyroidism associated with low cholesterol level, gluconeogenesis, and weight loss 3‐6 . The reduced thyroid hormone level may lead to hypothyroidism which is characterized by reduced gluconeogenesis, high cholesterol level, and weight gain 7,8 .…”