The diet of introduced brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis; Mitchill, 1814) in an alpine area and a literature review on its feeding ecology

Tiberti, Rocco; Brighenti, Stefano; Canedoli, Claudia; Iacobuzio, Rocco; Rolla, Matteo

doi:10.4081/jlimnol.2016.1366

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…These inferences indicated that littoral invertebrates, mostly dominated by chironomids, would be mainly exposed to salmonid predation in the lake and are consistent with empirical diet analyses conducted in mountain lakes, identifying chironomids as a primary resource for stocked salmonids (Cavalli 1997 ; Tiberti et al. 2016 ; Mouillet et al. 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Intense touristic activities exceed climate change to shape aquatic communities in a mountain lake

et al. 2023

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Mountain lakes are especially vulnerable to climate change, but are also increasingly exposed to local anthropogenic development through winter and summer tourism. In this study, we aimed to tease apart the influence of tourism from that of climate in a mountain lake located within one of the largest French ski resorts, by combining paleolimnological and present ecological data. The reconstructed long-term ecological dynamics highlighted an increase in lake biological production from the end of the Little Ice Age up to the 1950s, suggesting a historical dominance of climate control. Afterward, a major drop in pelagic production occurred at the same time as the watershed erosion increased and peaked in the 1990s, concomitant with massive digging for the ski resort expansion. The benthic invertebrates collapsed in the 1980s, concomitantly with the onset of massive salmonid stocking and recent warming. Stable isotope analyses identified benthic invertebrates as the major salmonid diet resource and suggested a possible direct impact of salmonid stocking on benthic invertebrates. However, habitat use may differ among salmonid species as suggested by the way fish DNA was preserved in surficial sediment. The high abundances of macrozooplankton further confirmed the limited reliance of salmonids on pelagic resources. The variable thermal tolerance of benthic invertebrates suggested that the recent warming may mostly affect littoral habitats. Our results indicate that winter and summer tourism may differently affect the biodiversity of mountain lakes and could collectively interfere with the ecological impacts of recent warming, making local management of primary importance to preserve their ecological integrity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00027-023-00968-6.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Intense touristic activities exceed climate change to shape aquatic communities in a mountain lake

et al. 2023

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“…Experimental studies on Brook Trout suggest that their growth rate is reduced above 16°C (Chadwick & McCormick, 2017) but under high food rations salmonids may overcome the temperature‐induced limitation (McCullough, Spalding, Sturdevant, & Hicks, 2001; Richter & Kolmes, 2005; Thompson & Beauchamp, 2016). Conditions in Castle Lake's littoral habitat during early ice break‐up years should have resulted in high growth rates of Brook Trout, if they foraged opportunistically on the most abundant resource (Tiberti et al, 2016). Our telemetry and isotopic data show that Brook Trout did not utilize littoral habitat, rather they selected for preferable thermal conditions with a relatively lower abundance of pelagic prey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our telemetry and isotopic data show that Brook Trout did not utilize littoral habitat, rather they selected for preferable thermal conditions with a relatively lower abundance of pelagic prey. Interestingly, Tiberti et al (2016) also show that zooplankton were rarely observed in Brook Trout diets which suggests it is less energetically efficient and could lead to reduced fitness. Reductions in body size and fecundity have been associated with climate change across both terrestrial, freshwater and marine systems (Baudron, Needle, Rijnsdorp, & Tara Marshall, 2014; Sheridan & Bickford, 2011), for plants, animals and fish (Farmer, Marschall, Dabrowski, & Ludsin, 2015; Walther et al., 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The species is a cold‐water stenotherm and were widely introduced into lakes and rivers across the Western United States. Brook Trout are an opportunistic feeder often selecting for the most abundant and easily captured prey item (Tiberti et al, 2016). Brook Trout resource selection has also been shown to be influenced by water temperature and other environmental conditions (Biro, 1998; Smith & Ridgway, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecosystem response to earlier ice break‐up date: Climate‐driven changes to water temperature, lake‐habitat‐specific production, and trout habitat and resource use

Caldwell

Chandra

Feher

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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Climate warming has yielded earlier ice break‐up dates in recent decades for lakes leading to water temperature increases, altered habitat, and both increases and decreases to ecosystem productivity. Within lakes, the effect of climate warming on secondary production in littoral and pelagic habitats remains unclear. The intersection of changing habitat productivity and warming water temperatures on salmonids is important for understanding how climate warming will impact mountain ecosystems. We develop and test a conceptual model that expresses how earlier ice break‐up dates influence within lake habitat production, water temperatures and the habitat utilized by, resources obtained and behavior of salmonids in a mountain lake. We measured zoobenthic and zooplankton production from the littoral and pelagic habitats, thermal conditions, and the habitat use, resource use, and fitness of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). We show that earlier ice break‐up conditions created a "resource‐rich" littoral–benthic habitat with increases in zoobenthic production compared to the pelagic habitat which decreased in zooplankton production. Despite the increases in littoral–benthic food resources, trout did not utilize littoral habitat or zoobenthic resources due to longer durations of warm water temperatures in the littoral zone. In addition, 87% of their resources were supported by the pelagic habitat during periods with earlier ice break‐up when pelagic resources were least abundant. The decreased reliance on littoral–benthic resources during earlier ice break‐up caused reduced fitness (mean reduction of 12 g) to trout. Our data show that changes to ice break‐up drive multi‐directional results for resource production within lake habitats and increase the duration of warmer water temperatures in food‐rich littoral habitats. The increased duration of warmer littoral water temperatures reduces the use of energetically efficient habitats culminating in decreased trout fitness.

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“…An undetermined fraction of the reproductive newt population was therefore loss through direct predation. The impact of fish introduction is usually ascribed to predation on larval stages (Brönmark & Edenhamn, ; Remon, Bower, Gaston, Clulow, & Mahony, ; Tiberti & von Hardenberg, ), but there is various evidence describing the ability of adult salmonids – most commonly used to stock mountain lakes – to ingest large prey items, including adult amphibians (Denoël et al, ; Tiberti et al, ). The possibility for fish to feed on adult amphibians is linked to the size ratio between predator and prey: in P1, S. trutta can achieve remarkable sizes (> 400 mm), which allow it to feed on relatively large prey items (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can satellite ponds buffer the impact of introduced fish on newts in a mountain pond network?

Tiberti

2017

Aquatic Conservation

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Fish introductions into originally fishless mountain lentic habitats can affect native amphibians at different spatial scales. Introductions are often associated with local extinctions, but they can also affect amphibian metapopulations at a landscape level, intercepting amphibians when they move into reproductive and overwintering sites, preventing these movements, or reducing the overall metapopulation abundance and diversity. Freshwater habitat networks are considered more resistant to biological invasions than isolated habitats, because they usually provide safe alternative sites that can buffer the impact of introduced fish. However, few studies have attempted to understand whether fish stocking also affects amphibians in surrounding fishless habitats. This general hypothesis was tested using distribution data of Italian crested newt (Triturus carnifex Laurenti 1768) in a mountain pond network collected over a 13‐year‐long study (2005–2017), encompassing the periods before (pre‐2011) and after (post‐2012) fish (Salmo trutta L. 1758) were introduced in the pond where most of the newts were initially observed. After fish introduction, visual counts dropped down close to zero in the invaded pond, but they increased in satellite ponds. This was a progressive increase not related to population size and should be regarded as a short‐term consequence of the slow colonization of satellite ponds. These results confirm the dramatic impact of fish introductions on native amphibians at a local scale, but suggest that some amphibians can counteract their impact by moving to alternative sites, when available. Halting fish stocking, lake and pond recovery, and the construction of alternative sites are proposed as management and conservation actions to preserve amphibian diversity.

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The diet of introduced brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis; Mitchill, 1814) in an alpine area and a literature review on its feeding ecology

Cited by 13 publications

References 64 publications

Intense touristic activities exceed climate change to shape aquatic communities in a mountain lake

Intense touristic activities exceed climate change to shape aquatic communities in a mountain lake

Ecosystem response to earlier ice break‐up date: Climate‐driven changes to water temperature, lake‐habitat‐specific production, and trout habitat and resource use

Can satellite ponds buffer the impact of introduced fish on newts in a mountain pond network?

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