The difference between drug money and a “lifetime's savings”

Ebejer, Karl A.; Winn, Jane K.; Carter, James F.; Sleeman, Richard; Parker, Jill E.; Körber, F.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.06.039

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Banknotes are likely to be contaminated when in contact with significant quantities of drugs [21], and when handled by drug users. These notes are then distributed in the banking system and are likely to be ''laundered'' through cash transactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing the contamination of UK banknotes with drugs of abuse

Ebejer

Lloyd

Brereton

et al. 2007

Forensic Science International

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing the contamination of UK banknotes with drugs of abuse

Ebejer

Lloyd

Brereton

et al. 2007

Forensic Science International

Self Cite

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“…UK banknotes comprise cotton and linen paper [12]. The way in which paper currency is handled and transferred means that a number of contaminants for example; dust, soil, food particles and cosmetics, can all be found on the fibres of a banknote.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Ceia Performance With Real Banknote Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cocaine trading, using cash, and administration via a rolled up banknote can lead to direct exposure of banknotes to the crystalline drug powder [11]. It is thought that a concentration of cocaine on a note that is beyond that of the general circulation can be associated with drug use or trade and thus provide incriminating evidence [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A competitive enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative detection of cocaine from banknotes and latent fingermarks

Heide

Calavia

Hardwick

et al. 2015

Forensic Science International

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A sensitive and versatile competitive enzyme immunoassay (cEIA) has been developed for the quantitative detection of cocaine in complex forensic samples. Polyclonal anti-cocaine antibody was purified from serum and deposited onto microtiter plates. The concentration of the cocaine antibody adsorbed onto the plates, and the dilution of the cocaine-HRP hapten were both studied to achieve an optimised immunoassay. The method was successfully used to quantify cocaine in extracts taken from both paper currency and latent fingermarks. presents a simple and cost-effective alternative to the current mass spectrometry based techniques for the quantitation of cocaine at forensically significant concentrations.

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“…Banknotes are typically made of a blend or cotton and linen rag. 10,35 Such materials may entrap antibody-particle conjugates. Additionally, banknotes are known to typically possess fluorescent anti-counterfeiting marks or images that may spectrally interfere with a fluorescence based imaging method used for the detection of cocaine.…”

Section: Biological Methods Of Immunodetection Such As Immunohistochementioning

confidence: 99%

Location-specific immunodetection of cocaine on banknotes

Heide

Cunningham

Hardwick

et al. 2016

Analyst

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A novel in-gel bioanalytical immunodetection method has been developed to determine both the presence and the location of cocaine on the surface of banknotes. The cocaine was 'fixed' to the surface of the banknote via a coating of a polyacrylamide gel matrix.Immunostaining of the immobilised cocaine on the banknote surface was performed using an anti-cocaine primary antibody, either pre-labelled with horse radish peroxidase (HRP) or in conjunction with a HRP-labelled secondary antibody. Visualisation of the location of the cocaine was achieved through chemiluminescence imaging of the banknote following application of a chemiluminescent substrate. The novel method was applied to the detection of cocaine on partial and whole banknote samples obtained from general circulation. Newly minted banknotes, with or without spiked cocaine, were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The results obtained, for the first time, demonstrate the successful location-specific immunostaining of cocaine on banknotes. A preliminary analysis of six UK banknotes, obtained from general circulation, suggests that cocaine can be present at variable locations across the whole of the banknote.

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The difference between drug money and a “lifetime's savings”

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Factors influencing the contamination of UK banknotes with drugs of abuse

Factors influencing the contamination of UK banknotes with drugs of abuse

A competitive enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative detection of cocaine from banknotes and latent fingermarks

Location-specific immunodetection of cocaine on banknotes

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