The Differential Diagnosis of Sterile Pyuria in Pediatric Patients: A Review

Bendig, Donald W.

doi:10.1177/2333794x21993712

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Drug intake such as nitrofurantoin is one of the common causes of sterile pyuria. Additionally, sterile pyuria can be a sign of intra-abdominal infection unrelated to UTI [31][32][33].…”

Section: Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections: Epidemiology, Etiology, and β-Lactam Resistance

Abu-Gharbia,

Al-Arabi,

Salem

2024

Sohag Journal of Sciences

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Urinary tract infection is considered a serious public health problem. One hundred and fifty patients were included in the present study and suspected to have community-acquired urinary tract infections depending on crucial indicators. Out of 150 urine cultures, 69.3% were confirmed as urinary tract infection with significant growth and 30.7% was sterile pyuria. Communityacquired urinary tract infections showed high incidence in females (44.1%), followed by kids (32.3%; 19.6% girls and 12.7% boys), and males (23.5%) with differences regarding age groups. Gram staining indicated that 63.2% of total isolated uropathogens were gram-negative isolates, and 36.7% were gram-positive isolates. The identification of 106 bacterial isolates led to the presence of 16 distinct species belonging to 12 genera including Escherichia coli (40.56%), Enterococcus spp. (18.86%), Streptococcus spp. (10.37%), Klebsiella spp. (8.49%), Citrobacter koseri (6.60%), Corynebacterium urealyticum (4.71%), Proteus mirabilis (2.83%), Enterobacter intermedius (1.88%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.88%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (1.88%), Serratia fonticola (0.94%) and Bacillus cereus (0.94%). Phenotypic detection of ESBL revealed that 35.8% of total isolated gram-negative uropathogens were ESBL-producers. Escherichia coli comprised a serious threat as the most dominant ESBL-producing organism representing 66.7% of total ESBL-producing bacteria detected followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (12.5%), Citrobacter koseri (8.3%), Serratia fonticola (4.1%), Proteus mirabilis (4.1%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.1%).

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“…Drug intake such as nitrofurantoin is one of the common causes of sterile pyuria. Additionally, sterile pyuria can be a sign of intra-abdominal infection unrelated to UTI [31][32][33].…”

Section: Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections: Epidemiology, Etiology, and β-Lactam Resistance

Abu-Gharbia,

Al-Arabi,

Salem

2024

Sohag Journal of Sciences

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“…The infection localizes in the kidney parenchyma; hence, the kidney is the most affected organ. Regular symptoms of renal involvement include pyuria and sterile urine [ 82 , 84 , 85 ].…”

Section: Pediatric Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Tuberculosis Management: A Global Challenge or Breakthrough?

et al. 2022

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Managing pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health problem requiring urgent and long-lasting solutions as TB is one of the top ten causes of ill health and death in children as well as adolescents universally. Minors are particularly susceptible to this severe illness that can be fatal post-infection or even serve as reservoirs for future disease outbreaks. However, pediatric TB is the least prioritized in most health programs and optimal infection/disease control has been quite neglected for this specialized patient category, as most scientific and clinical research efforts focus on developing novel management strategies for adults. Moreover, the ongoing coronavirus pandemic has meaningfully hindered the gains and progress achieved with TB prophylaxis, therapy, diagnosis, and global eradication goals for all affected persons of varying age bands. Thus, the opening of novel research activities and opportunities that can provide more insight and create new knowledge specifically geared towards managing TB disease in this specialized group will significantly improve their well-being and longevity.

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“…It can generally be categorized as either infectious or noninfectious. Noninfectious SP could be caused by radiotherapy, pelvic inflammation, appendicitis, urinary stones, tumours, or physiological changes (pregnancy) [2]. Infectious SP is identified by aerobic laboratory procedures (on a 5% sheep-blood agar plate and MacConkey agar plate) as the prolonged presence of white cells in the urine in the absence of bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of urogenital pathogens in sterile pyuria samples by polymerase chain reaction

Ahmed

Bahwerth

2023

Afr J Urol

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Background Patients with sterile pyuria may be infected with sexually transmitted diseases or have renal tuberculosis. This study investigated the possibility of detecting sexually transmitted diseases and Mycobacterialtuberculosis in sterile pyuria samples with polymerase chain reaction. Methods Forty-four day-3 negative urine culture samples were investigated for the presence of sexually transmitted diseases and Mycobacterialtuberculosis. Results Among the 44 samples, 61.4% were positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for bacterial DNA (either sexually transmitted diseases or Mycobacteria). Among the 27 positive samples, 37% were positive for Ureaplasmaurealyticum, 26% were positive for Chlamydiatrachomatis, 14.8% were positive for Neisseriagonorrhoeae, 11.1% were positive for Mycoplasmagenitalium, 7.4% were positive for Mycoplasmahominis, and only one sample (3.7%) was positive for Mycobacterialtuberculosis. No significant associations were found between PCR-positive urine samples and patient characteristics. Conclusions It was concluded that Ureaplasmaurealyticum was predominant in sterile pyuria followed by Chlamydiatrachomatis. There were no significant associations between PCR-positive samples and sex, symptomatic patients, or antibiotic use. PCR is an instant diagnostic tool for sexually transmitted diseases in sterile pyuria; hence, it is advised to be performed on negative culture samples as a routine laboratory screening test whenever possible.

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The Differential Diagnosis of Sterile Pyuria in Pediatric Patients: A Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections: Epidemiology, Etiology, and β-Lactam Resistance

Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections: Epidemiology, Etiology, and β-Lactam Resistance

Pediatric Tuberculosis Management: A Global Challenge or Breakthrough?

Detection of urogenital pathogens in sterile pyuria samples by polymerase chain reaction

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