“…Studies detail that a negative message is more important in activating all consumer behaviors than a positive message (Amatulli et al, 2019;Baxter and Gram-Hanssen, 2016;Anghelcev and Sar, 2014). Even within the psychological process, the internal activation of a risky message impacts consumer behavior, which the bandwagon effect can explain (van der Meer et al, 2015;Roy and Sharma, 2015;Borah and Xiao, 2018), and perceptions of scarcity (Fatmawati, 2019;Roy and Sharma, 2015;Lee et al, 2015). It is because of this background that we hypothesize the following: H2: Risk framing, during the COVID-19 pandemic, activates internal informationseeking, significantly affecting cognitive load in the risk assessment stage based on perceptions of scarcity and the bandwagon effect.…”