The Differential Influence of Pain and Fatigue on Physical Performance and Health Status in Ambulatory Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Simmonds, Maureen J.; Novy, Diane M.; Sandoval, Roberto

doi:10.1097/00002508-200505000-00002

Cited by 45 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The total distance walked, in feet, in 5 min was recorded. This test has been shown to have high inter-rater reliability, high testretest reliability, and to correlate significantly with other indices of disability [42,43]. An index of objective (physical) clinical improvement was derived by computing the difference between the first (Week 1) and the second (Week 4) assessment periods on the measure of walking distance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Perceived Injustice in the Experience of Chronic Pain and Disability: Scale Development and Validation

Sullivan

Adams

Horan³

et al. 2008

J Occup Rehabil

343

563

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Introduction The primary objective of this research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a questionnaire designed to assess perceive injustice associated with injury. Methods In Study 1, the 12-item Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) was administered to 226 individuals with musculoskeletal conditions. A subsample of 85 individuals were interviewed 1-year later about their ongoing symptoms and return to work status. In Study 2, the IEQ and other pain-related measures were administered on two separate occasions to 70 pain patients participating in a functional restoration rehabilitation program. ResultsStudy 1 Principal components analysis yielded a two-component solution with eigenvalues greater 1. Item content of the two components reflected elements of blame and irreparability of loss. In cross sectional analyses, the IEQ was significantly correlated with measures of catastrophic thinking, r = .75, P \ .01, fear of movement/re-injury, r = .58, P \ .01, depression, r = .66, P \ .01, and pain severity, r = .54, P \ .01. Cross-sectional regression analyses revealed that the IEQ, b = .44, P \ .01, and the PCS, b = .18, P \ .05, each contributed significant unique variance to the prediction of pain severity. The IEQ prospectively predicted return to work status, OR = .75, 95% CI = .58-.99, but not pain severity. Results-Study 2 Analyses supported the test re-test reliability of the IEQ, r = .90, P\.01. Treatment-related changes in the IEQ were significantly correlated with an objective index of improved physical function, r = .51, P \ .01. Conclusions The findings of these two studies support the construct validity of the IEQ and suggest that this measure might be a useful complement to psychosocial assessment of individuals with persistent pain conditions. Discussion addresses the processes through which perceived injustice might impact on disability and rehabilitation outcomes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Perceived Injustice in the Experience of Chronic Pain and Disability: Scale Development and Validation

Sullivan

Adams

Horan³

et al. 2008

J Occup Rehabil

343

563

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…20 The tests complement self-reports of function and help to quantify the impact of symptom burden on function; they have been shown to have high interrater reliability and high testretest reliability and to correlate significantly with other indices of disability. 21,22 For the 5-minute walk, participants were asked to walk as quickly as possible, but at a comfortable speed, between two markers set 20 m apart. The distance walked in 5 minutes was recorded in metres.…”

Section: Physical Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Treatment Techniques to Augment the Impact of Physiotherapy Interventions for Low Back Pain

Sullivan

Adams²

2010

Physiotherapy Canada

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Purpose: The present study examined the profile of physical and psychosocial changes that occur in physiotherapy intervention when patients also participate in a psychosocial intervention. The psychosocial intervention, delivered by physiotherapists, was designed to target catastrophic thinking, fear of pain, perceived disability, and depression. Methods: The study sample consisted of 48 individuals referred for the rehabilitation treatment of disabling back pain. Half the sample was enrolled in a physiotherapy intervention only; the other half was enrolled in a psychosocial intervention in addition to receiving a physiotherapy intervention. Results: At post-treatment, the two treatment groups did not differ significantly on measures of pain severity, physical function, or self-reported disability. Patients who participated in the psychosocial intervention in addition to physiotherapy showed significantly greater reductions in pain catastrophizing, fear of movement, and depression than patients who received only the physiotherapy intervention. Reductions in psychosocial risk factors contributed to reduced use of the health care system, reduced use of pain medication, and improved return-to-work outcomes. Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggest that a psychosocial intervention provided by physiotherapists can lead to meaningful reductions in psychosocial risk factors for pain and disability and may contribute to more positive rehabilitation outcomes.Key Words: catastrophizing, fear of pain, musculoskeletal pain, psychosocial factors, rehabilitation, return to work Sullivan MJL, Adams H. Psychosocial treatment techniques to augment the impact of physiotherapy interventions for low back pain. Physiother Can. 2010;62:180-189. RÉ SUMÉObjectif : La pré sente é tude examine le profil des changements physiques et psychologiques qui surviennent lors d'interventions en physiothé rapie chez les patients qui participent é galement à une intervention psychosociale. L'intervention psychosociale, assuré e par des physiothé rapeutes, a comme objectif de cibler la pensé e catastrophique, la peur de la douleur, l'incapacité perc¸ue et la dé pression. Mé thode : L'é chantillon é tudié se composait de 48 personnes envoyé es pour des traitements de ré adaptation pour des maux de dos incapacitants. La moitié des personnes participaient aussi à une intervention psychosociale en plus de recevoir des soins en physiothé rapie. Ré sultats : En post-traitement, les deux groupes traité s n'affichaient pas de grandes diffé rences en ce qui a trait aux mesures d'intensité de la douleur, à la fonction physique ou à l'incapacité signalé e par le sujet. La tendance à ne voir que la douleur, la peur de bouger et la dé pression ont toutefois é té grandement ré duites chez les patients qui prenaient part à une intervention psychosociale en plus de recevoir leurs soins en physiothé rapie. Ces ré ductions des facteurs de risque psychosociaux ont contribué à ré duire l'utilisation des soins de santé et des mé dicaments contre la...

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“…Henderson, Safa, Easterbrook, & Hotopf (2005) actually found greater fatigue in individuals with higher CD4 counts. Some studies found no relationship between fatigue and HIV viral load (Barroso et al, 2003;Ferrando et al, 1998;Sullivan et al, 2003; Voss, 2002), whereas one found greater fatigue with a higher viral load (Simmonds, Novy, & Sandoval, 2005).Other immune abnormalities in HIV infection may influence the development and course of fatigue. Untreated HIV infection generally produces a state of heightened immune activation, as measured by CD8CD38 cells, whereas successfully treated patients usually show evidence of decreased immune activation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Correlates of HIV-Related Fatigue

et al. 2008

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Our primary aim is to describe the relationship of multiple physiological variables and HIV-related fatigue. We report baseline data collected from 128 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. The HIV-Related Fatigue Scale was used to measure several aspects of fatigue. Blood was drawn for the following physiological variables: hepatic function, thyroid function, HIV viral load, immunologic function, gonadal function, hematologic function, serum cortisol, and cellular injury. In bivariable analyses, free testosterone (p = 0.03) and CD8 (p = 0.07) were negatively correlated with fatigue intensity, and nonlinear relationships were observed between fatigue intensity and total testosterone (p = 0.02), thyroxine (p = 0.01), hematocrit (p = 0.06), and total bilirubin (p = 0.06). However, none of these associations persisted in multivariable models. It is possible that fatigue suffered by seropositive people is better predicted by other variables, which must be better understood to develop interventions to successfully ameliorate HIV-related fatigue. Keywords HIV-related fatigue; physiological variables; biomarkersNow that treatments are available to prolong the lives of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, symptom management has become an increasingly pressing concern. The most frequent and debilitating complaint of HIV-positive people is fatigue, defined as "awareness of a decreased capacity for physical and/or mental activity due to an imbalance in the availability, utilization, and/or restoration of resources needed to perform activity" (Aaronson et al., 1999, p. 46). Justice, Rabeneck, Hays, Wu, and Bozzette (1999) found fatigue to be the most common symptom among people with HIV infection; fatigue was associated with functional limitation and greater fatigue predicted lower chances of survival. Some researchers speculate that HIV-related fatigue is a result of physiological factors, whereas others argue that it is a function of psychosocial variables. This report focuses on the relationship of physiological variables and HIV-related fatigue.Address all correspondence to Julie Barroso, Duke University School of Nursing, DUMC 3322, Durham, NC 27710, phone: (919) Barroso, Carlson, & Meynell, 2003;Breitbart, McDonald, Rosenfeld, Monkman, & Passik, 1998;Justice et al., 1999;Perkins et al., 1995; Sullivan, Dworkin, & the Adult and Adolescnt Spectrum of HIV Investigators, 2003;Vlahov et al., 1994;Vogl et al., 1999; Voss, 2002). Henderson, Safa, Easterbrook, & Hotopf (2005) actually found greater fatigue in individuals with higher CD4 counts. Some studies found no relationship between fatigue and HIV viral load (Barroso et al., 2003;Ferrando et al., 1998;Sullivan et al., 2003; Voss, 2002), whereas one found greater fatigue with a higher viral load (Simmonds, Novy, & Sandoval, 2005).Other immune abnormalities in HIV infection may influence the development and course of fatigue. Untreated HIV infection generally produces a state of heightened immune activation, as measured ...

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The Differential Influence of Pain and Fatigue on Physical Performance and Health Status in Ambulatory Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Cited by 45 publications

References 22 publications

The Role of Perceived Injustice in the Experience of Chronic Pain and Disability: Scale Development and Validation

The Role of Perceived Injustice in the Experience of Chronic Pain and Disability: Scale Development and Validation

Psychosocial Treatment Techniques to Augment the Impact of Physiotherapy Interventions for Low Back Pain

Physiological Correlates of HIV-Related Fatigue

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