The Differentiation of Alkaline Phosphatase in the Small Intestine

Moog, Florence; Etzler, Marilynn E.; Grey, Robert D.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb54296.x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Each fraction of cells isolated from the villi of a given set of mice contained equivalent numbers of cells (as reflected by protein content) which were primarily enterocytes (-80%). Our conclusion that the enterocytes were isolated sequentially beginning at the villous tip was verified by the gradient of alkaline phosphatase activity, which is well established in the literature (6,13,22). The percentages of the total activity of alkaline phosphatase and phosphodiesterase (both brush border enzymes) that remained with the residual intestinal wall of the animals of the two types were similar (data not shown), which indicated to us that a comparable percentage of total enterocytes was isolated from the intestines of germfree mice as from those associated with a microflora.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Influence of indigenous microbiota on activities of alkaline phosphatase, phosphodiesterase I, and thymidine kinase in mouse enterocytes

Whitt

Savage

1988

Appl Environ Microbiol

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An indigenous microflora introduced into the gastrointestinal tracts of animals in a population of germfree mice affected in different ways three enzymes in small bowel enterocytes. Cells were obtained by techniques designed for sequentially removing enterocytes from the tip of the villus to the crypts of Lieberkuhn. The specific activity of alkaline phosphatase, a component of the enterocyte microvillous membrane, did not differ in cells isolated from germfree mice and from those associated with a microflora, while that of phosphodiesterase I, also a part of the microvillous membrane, was approximately 1.5-fold greater in the suspensions from all levels of the villi in germfree mice than in those from the associated animals. By contrast, the specific activity of thymidine kinase, a cytosol enzyme, in suspensions in which the cells were isolated from the lower portion of the villi and crypts was about one-half as great in cells from germfree mice as in those from the same regions of animals with a microbiota. These results support the hypothesis that activities of certain enzymes involved in metabolism, uptake, and incorporation by enterocytes of components of dietary nucleic acids are influenced by a microflora.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Influence of indigenous microbiota on activities of alkaline phosphatase, phosphodiesterase I, and thymidine kinase in mouse enterocytes

Whitt

Savage

1988

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…of cellular growth, in which the balance between the different phosphatase activities maintained the epithelium in a hypertrophic state. Similar conclusions had previously been drawn for intestinal APase by Moog et al (24), who described the cellular growth and differentiation in developing intestinal epithelium and linked it with alterations in the activity ratio between different alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme activities.…”

Section: Acta Odontol Scand 46 (1988)supporting

confidence: 66%

Characterization of alkaline phosphatase from buccal mucosa in young rats

Sjögren

Ek-Rylander

Hammarström

1988

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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Alkaline phosphatase (APase) is a plasma membrane-integrated protein with unknown function and is found in many different tissues of the body. It is normally not present in squamous epithelium. Nevertheless, it has been demonstrated in developing rat oral epithelium, where it exists together with several different phosphatases. In this study APase was solubilized from rat buccal mucosa and partially purified by gel chromatography followed by ion-exchange chromatography. Three isoenzymes with similar kinetic characteristics but different sensitivities to heat inactivation were obtained. All three had a pH optimum of 10.2 and a Michaelis-Menten constant of 0.3 mM. Combined chromatographic/electrophoretic and histochemical tissue section analysis of APase isoenzymes indicated that the buccal mucosa of young rats contains three APase isoenzymes, two of which are of epithelial origin and the third of endothelial origin.

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“…Clo-sure occurs, with a resultant decrease in the capacity for macromolecular transport (4,15). The brush border enzymes maltase (12,29), sucrase (12,29), and alkaline phosphatase (12,27,30) increase, whereas lactase decreases (12,19,27,29). If these maturational processes play a role in mouse susceptibility to rotavirus, modulation of maturation might alter infectivity of EDIM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of mice to rotavirus infection: effects of age and administration of corticosteroids

Wolf¹,

Cukor²,

Blacklow³

et al. 1981

Infect Immun

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We examined susceptibility to the murine rotavirus, epizootic diarrhea of infant mice virus (EDIM), in normal suckling and weaned mice and in suckling mice treated with glucocorticoids. Normal mice 1 to 40 days old were inoculated by gastrin intubation with high doses of EDIM and subsequently evaluated for rotavirus infection by solid-phase radioimmunoassay, by electron microscopy of intestinal tissue sections or by both. Radioimmunoassay and electron microscopy showed a concordance of 89.5% in the detection of rotavirus infection. After a period of low susceptibility to EDIM infection during the first 3 days after birth (23%), susceptibility was high for the next 11 days (95%), but decreased abruptly as mice approached weaning (41% on days 15 through 17). Mice 34 days or older did not develop EDIM infection after inoculation, but rotavirus antigen was detected in 12% of uninoculated mothers nursing inoculated litters. Administration of cortisone acetate to 8-day-old mice induced partial intestinal maturation prematurely. At 3 to 6 days after cortisone acetate treatment, susceptibility to EDIM infection decreased to 60% compared with 94% in age-matched controls. Our data suggest (i) that susceptibility of mice to EDIM infection is age dependent, decreasing in concert with intestinal maturation, and (ii) that glucocorticoids, which induce premature partial intestinal maturation, modulate susceptibility of mice to EDIM.

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The Differentiation of Alkaline Phosphatase in the Small Intestine

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Influence of indigenous microbiota on activities of alkaline phosphatase, phosphodiesterase I, and thymidine kinase in mouse enterocytes

Influence of indigenous microbiota on activities of alkaline phosphatase, phosphodiesterase I, and thymidine kinase in mouse enterocytes

Characterization of alkaline phosphatase from buccal mucosa in young rats

Susceptibility of mice to rotavirus infection: effects of age and administration of corticosteroids

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