The Dimension of Food Souvenir: An Exploratory-Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Abstract

Food souvenirs as the tangible reminder that encounters the travelling experience are considered as an essential element in the tourism industry. However, the studies exploring the dimension of food souvenirs, are limited, and most of them applying single factor analysis, either exploratory or confirmatory. In response to the identified gap, this research scrutinizes the aspects of food souvenirs by utilizing a mixed method of exploratory-confirmatory factor analysis. The data was collected from 252 domestic tourists in Bandung, Indonesia. The exploratory factor analysis test identifies four dimensions of food souvenirs: tangible, brand and packaging, value, food quality. Although confirming the food souvenir dimension, the confirmatory factor analysis notes that the elements of the dimensions are different from that identified in exploratory factor analysis. Besides offering a theoretical understanding on the food souvenirs dimension, this study extends our understanding of a methodological issue that the exploratory-confirmatory factor analysis offers a better explanation on the food souvenir dimension compared to that of single factor analysis.

The role of Passion and Self-Efficacy in entrepreneurial activities in the gig economy: An Unsupervised Machine Learning Analysis with Topic Modeling

“…The application of PCA to LDA topics rigorously confirmed the extent to which these topics relate to the research questions, significantly enhancing the credibility and validity of the findings (Inoue et al, 2023). This strategic blend of statistical exploratory and confirmatory analyses strengthens the study's robustness (Sosianika et al, 2018;Koyuncu & Kılıç, 2019;Shahrakipour, 2021).…”