The direct evidence and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of COVID-19

An, Xuedong; Zhang, YueHong; Duan, Liyun; Jin, De; Zhao, Shenghui; Zhou, Rongrong; Duan, Yingying; Lian, Fengmei; Tong, Xiaolin

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111267

Cited by 82 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 148 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…At present, there are a large number of COVID-19 patients, more than 93 million confirmed infections. No matter in the COVID-19 infection stage or recovery stage, many high-quality studies had shown that the effect of traditional Chinese medicine is significant, and now there is a complete evidence chain [ 153 , 154 ] about the prevention, treatment and recovery period of traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 [ 153 , 154 ], that is, the role of traditional Chinese medicine is self-evident, and there are a large number of patients in recovery period in many regions, so more patients need to participate in the use of traditional Chinese medicine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The three syndromes and six Chinese patent medicine study during the recovery phase of COVID-19

Duan

Zhang

et al. 2021

Chin Med

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), first broke out in Wuhan, China, in 2019. SARS-CoV-2 develops many types of mutations (such as B.1.1.7), making diagnosis and treatment challenging. Although we now have a preliminary understanding of COVID-19, including pathological changes, clinical manifestations, and treatment measures, we also face new difficulties. The biggest problem is that most COVID-19 patients might face sequelae (e.g., fatigue, sleep disturbance, pulmonary fibrosis) during the recovery phase. We aimed to test six Chinese patent medicines to treat three major abnormal symptoms in COVID-19 patients during the recovery phase, including cardiopulmonary function, sleep disturbance, and digestive function. We launched the “three syndromes and six Chinese patent medicines” randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial on April 10, 2020. The results showed that Jinshuibao tablets and Shengmaiyin oral liquid significantly improved the cardiopulmonary function of recovering COVID-19 patients. Shumian capsules, but not Xiaoyao capsules, significantly improved patients’ sleep disorders. This might be because the indication of Xiaoyao capsules is liver qi stagnation rather than psychological or emotional problems. Xiangsha Liujun pills and Ludangshen oral liquid significantly improved digestive function. Our research provides a guideline for treating COVID-19 sequelae in patients during the recovery period based on high-quality evidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The three syndromes and six Chinese patent medicine study during the recovery phase of COVID-19

Duan

Zhang

et al. 2021

Chin Med

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“…In the theory of traditional medicine (TM), the syndrome differentiation of the four stages of COVID-19 includes “cold-dampness and stagnation lung syndrome” and “dampness and heat-accumulation lung syndrome” for the mild stage; “dampness and stagnation lung syndrome” and “cold dampness lung syndrome” for the moderate stage; “plague poison and lung-closing syndrome“, “ syndrome of flaring heat in Qifen and Yingfen”, and “syndrome of inner blocking causing collapse” for severe stage, and “lung and spleen Qi deficiency syndrome” and “Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome” for recovery stage. 19 In terms of herbal medicine, herbs can be generally classified into cold/cool herbs and hot/warm herbs. Cold-natured herbs have Yin properties such as clearing heat, purging fire, and dispelling toxic and mainly used for heat-related syndromes, whereas warm-natured herbs have Yang properties such as expelling cold, tonifying Qi, and restoring Yang and mainly used for cold-related syndromes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coronavirus disease responsible for the current pandemic is an acute respiratory illness caused by a new strain of coronavirus (COVID- 19). As of 29 March 2021, COVID-19 has affected approximately 127 million people worldwide and the number is still growing every day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although both Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antiviral drugs and several types of vaccines are currently available, many alternative treatments are still being proposed as an adjunctive treatment for COVID- 19. It has been reported that herbal medicines could be considered an alternative approach for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Network Analysis of Herbs Recommended for the Treatment of COVID-19

Ang¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2021

IDR

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In this study, we aimed to identify the pattern and combination of herbs used in the formulae recommended for treating different stages of COVID-19 using a network analysis approach. Methods: The herbal formulae recommended by official guidelines for the treatment of COVID-19 are included in the present analysis. To describe the tendency of herbs to form a "herb pair", we computed the mutual information (MI) value and distance-based mutual information model (DMIM) score. We also performed modularity, degree, betweenness, and closeness centrality analysis. Network analyses were performed and visualized for each disease stage. Results: A total of 142 herbal formulae comprising 416 herbs were analyzed. All possible herbal pairs were examined, and the top frequently used herbal pairs were identified for each disease stage. The herb Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma is only identified in one herb pair, even though this herb is identified as one of the herbs with high frequency of use for every disease stage. This suggests that the DMIM score could be used to identify the optimal combination rule of herbal formulae by achieving a balance among the herbs' frequency and relative distance in herbal formulae. Conclusion:Our results presented the prescription patterns and herbal combinations of the herbal formulae recommended for the treatment of COVID-19. This study may provide new insights and ideas for clinical research in the future.

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“…TCM can effectively alleviate the symptoms of suspected and confirmed COVID-19 by delaying the progression of disease thereby reducing the mortality. 32 Though combination of western medicine and TCM in treatment were documented of great significance for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 further relevant laboratory research and clinical evaluation is needed to collect scientific evidences on its efficacy. 33 For the treatment of several diseases Indian medicinal plants have been a promising field 34 .…”

Section: Complementary Medicine An Option To Counter Covid 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Complementary and Alternative Medicines in Health care system to combat COVID 19- A Validation

Shinde

Bawaskar

2021

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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Human mankind has always been under the wrath of various epidemics viz. Spanish Flu, Asian Flu, Hong Kong Flu, influenza A-H1N1 virus, SARS in 2003, etc. The on-going COVID 19 pandemic has posed as a serious concern to humans with no proper treatment and no specific drugs against this virus. There have been various challenges to the current health care delivery system. There is dearth of reported RCTs evaluating effects of antivirals. Corticosteroid treatment has reported to have delayed coronavirus RNA clearance with its widespread use leading to development/exacerbation of fungal diseases like Mucormycosis. Various vaccines designed have many questions about their efficacy that may rise with time, as SARS-CoV-2 has numerous variants, and it can mutate over time. With limited success in developing antivirals, Complementary and Alternative medicines like Traditional Chinese medicines, Ayurvedic and homoeopathic medicines have been gaining momentums in recent years displaying promising results. Methodical researches are warranted to further evaluate the efficacy of Complementary and alternative medicines. For curtailing the devastating effects of COVID 19 requires reviewing the current health policies by integrating complementary medicine with conventional system. To channelize all the available therapeutic options to win the battle against COVID-19 is the need of hour.

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The direct evidence and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of COVID-19

Cited by 82 publications

References 148 publications

The three syndromes and six Chinese patent medicine study during the recovery phase of COVID-19

The three syndromes and six Chinese patent medicine study during the recovery phase of COVID-19

Network Analysis of Herbs Recommended for the Treatment of COVID-19

Integration of Complementary and Alternative Medicines in Health care system to combat COVID 19- A Validation

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