The discriminative ability of waist circumference, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio in identifying metabolic syndrome: Variations by age, sex and race

Cheong, Kee Chee; Ghazali, Sumarni Mohd; Hock, Lim Kuang; Subenthiran, Soobitha; Huey, Teh Chien; Kuay, Lim Kuang; Mustapha, Feisul Idzwan; Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi; Mustafa, Amal Nasir

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2015.02.006

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Both WC and WHR have been used in the past as indices of central obesity. However, they do not necessarily predict health outcomes equally [25]. WC is an indicator of visceral fat mass, and is closely related to the percentage of fat mass, particularly in men [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, and prostate cancer risk: Results from the North-American case-control study Prostate Cancer & Environment Study

Boehm

Sun

Larcher

et al. 2015

Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, and prostate cancer risk: Results from the North-American case-control study Prostate Cancer & Environment Study

Boehm

Sun

Larcher

et al. 2015

Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations

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“…A number of different explanations have been offered as to why certain measures of obesity outperform others in predicting CVD risk. Some data suggest that the association of BMI, WHR, and WC with CVD are confounded by sex, ethnicity, and age group and that different measures may be more appropriate for different populations 26. Alternatively, some investigators suggest that WHR is a better predictor of CVD and CVD‐related events because it specifically captures body fat mass, whereas BMI also includes fat free mass 25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Obesity With Incident Hospitalization Related to Peripheral Artery Disease and Critical Limb Ischemia in the ARIC Study

Hicks

Yang

Ndumele

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundWe conducted an analysis of data from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study to assess the independent association of obesity with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and critical limb ischemia (CLI).Methods and ResultsAll black and white ARIC participants without prevalent PAD at baseline (1987–1989) were included. We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders and then potential mediators to quantify the association between body mass index (BMI) and incident hospitalizations related to PAD without CLI and with CLI through 2013. Our analysis included 13 988 men and women followed for a median of 24 years. Incident PAD without CLI and PAD with CLI occurred in 373 and 201 participants, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher BMI at baseline was associated with increased risk of PAD without CLI when BMI was modeled continuously (hazard ratio per 1‐SD increment in BMI: 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.11–1.37) and with PAD with CLI regardless of whether BMI was modeled categorically (P<0.05) or continuously (hazard ratio per 1‐SD increment in BMI: 1.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.34–1.69). The associations of BMI with PAD without CLI and with CLI were attenuated after further accounting for potential mediators but remained significant for PAD with CLI when BMI was linearly modeled (hazard ratio per 1‐SD increment in BMI: 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.36). The positive association between BMI and PAD with CLI was stronger than the association between BMI and PAD without CLI for all models (P<0.001).ConclusionsIn the general population, BMI is positively associated with incident hospitalized PAD after adjusting for potential confounders, particularly its most severe form of CLI. Maintaining an optimal weight, in addition to controlling other cardiovascular risk factors, may play a role in reducing risk of PAD with CLI.

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“…In fact, NAFLD has been appreciated as hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (Dietrich and Hellerbrand, 2014). Obesity, especially visceral adiposity, is blamed as the most important underlying factor in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (Gade et al, 2010;Scaglione et al, 2010;Cheong et al, 2015) and NAFLD (Cusi, 2012;Ha et al, 2015).…”

Section: Pathogenesis Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Beneficial Effects of Flavonoids

Akhlaghi

2016

Phytother. Res.

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been known as the hepatic feature of metabolic syndrome. Extra fat depots, especially in visceral areas, develop insulin resistance as a result of mild oxidation and inflammation. Insulin resistance induces lipolysis and releases free fatty acids into the circulation, where they are transported to the liver. In the liver, free fatty acids are converted to triglycerides and accumulate, causing simple steatosis that, if left untreated, can lead to steatohepatitis, and subsequently liver necrosis and cirrhosis.Flavonoids, a group of plant compounds with incredible biological characteristics, have shown advantages in pathological conditions. Beneficial effects of flavonoids against NAFLD and its related disorders have been observed in both animal and human studies. Various mechanisms have been found for their protection. Flavonoids prevent hepatosteatosis by increasing fatty acid oxidation in the liver. They can also reduce caloric intake and decrease body weight and fat deposition in visceral tissues. Flavonoids are unique antioxidants that exert their beneficial effects through inhibition of nuclear factor κB, thereby attenuating release of inflammatory cytokines, which are triggers of insulin resistance. Finally, flavonoids have shown to increase adiponectin, improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, correct dyslipidemia, and reduce blood pressure in patients with NAFLD. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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The discriminative ability of waist circumference, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio in identifying metabolic syndrome: Variations by age, sex and race

Cited by 45 publications

References 18 publications

Waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, and prostate cancer risk: Results from the North-American case-control study Prostate Cancer & Environment Study

Waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, and prostate cancer risk: Results from the North-American case-control study Prostate Cancer & Environment Study

Associations of Obesity With Incident Hospitalization Related to Peripheral Artery Disease and Critical Limb Ischemia in the ARIC Study

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Beneficial Effects of Flavonoids

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