The Disposition of Americium-241 Oxide Following Inhalation by Beagles

Craig, D.K.; Park, James F.; Powers, G.J.; Catt, D.L.

doi:10.2307/3574972

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…(1974) observed the same lung clearance for 241 Am nitrate and dioxide: 99% ILD being cleared with a half-time of 12.5 d and 1% with a half-time of 250 d, suggesting Type M behaviour. (898) Craig et al. (1975, 1979) followed the disposition of 241 Am in dogs for up to 810 d after a single inhalation exposure to 241 AmO 2 at three levels of IBB: low (190 Bq), medium (7.4 kBq), and high (70 kBq). Urine and faeces were analysed as well as tissue distribution after sacrifice.…”

Section: Americium (Z = 95)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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ICRP Publication 141: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 4

et al. 2019

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Section: Americium (Z = 95)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(898) Craig et al. (1975, 1979) followed the disposition of 241 Am in dogs for up to 810 d after a single inhalation exposure to 241 AmO 2 at three levels of IBB: low (190 Bq), medium (7.4 kBq), and high (70 kBq). Urine and faeces were analysed as well as tissue distribution after sacrifice.…”

Section: Americium (Z = 95)mentioning

confidence: 99%

ICRP Publication 141: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 4

et al. 2019

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“…For example, no preferential dissolution of 241 Am from inhaled 239 PuO 2 in dog lung was observed (BAIR and PERKINS, 1968), and the 241 Am dissolution from 239 PuO 2 is much slower than the observed 241 AmO 2 dissolution in dog lungs (e.g. CRAIG et al, 1979). However, faster in vivo dissolution of U than Th was suggested from inhalation studies with pitchblende (STUART and BEASLEY, 1967) or carnotite (STUART and JONES, 1968).…”

Section: Treatment Of Components Of Inhaled Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This procedure masks the very high dose delivered to the pulmonary lymph nodes by calculating a smear dose to the whole lung. However, even for relatively soluble actinides like americium dioxide, for which PLN retention is transitory and never exceeds 1 % of the initial lung burden (ILB) in dogs, the dose to PLN can be considerable (0.5 Sv = 50 rad per nCi ILB over 1000 days) (CRAIG et al, 1979). Even though pulmonary lymphatic tissue appears to be fairly insensitive to radiation, there is no certainty that it is not implicated in effects that have been observed elsewhere in the lung.…”

Section: Treatment Of Lung As a Composite Organmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of the Dosimetric Model for the Respiratory System on Limits for Intakes of Radionuclides by Workers (Icrp Publication 30)

Craig¹,

Brain²,

CUDDIHY³

et al. 1982

Inhaled Particles V

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Abstract-While evaluating respiratory tract kinetic models, we have encountered a number of problems with the recently published ICRP Dosimetric Model for the Respiratory System. Some of those to be discussed are the following.1. The assumption that the nasopharyngeal (N-P) region can be ignored, despite considerable evidence of significant retention in the N-P region and of pathological effects.2. Treatment of the tracheobronchial tree (T-B), the pulmonary (P) region and the pulmonary lymph nodes (PLN) as one combined organ for calculating dose.3. The lack of deposition estimates for very small particles ( <0.1 /im dia.) and the use of a probit scale for percentage deposition.4. Use of the aerodynamic equivalent diameter of particles beyond the range of applicability of the model and the desirability of defining an appropriate 'equivalent deposition diameter' suitable for the whole range of particle sizes of interest.5. Treatment of components of inhaled mixtures as if they are independent in regard to both deposition and clearance characteristics.6. Limitations of the currently used rigid solubility classifications (D, W or Y) of inorganic compounds in estimating retention and disposition of deposited particles.

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“…Results of both studies suggested that Np might be eliminated from the lung more rapidly than other, more thoroughly studied, actinide elements (Bai74a, b Sa77; Sa78; Cr79).…”

Section: Introducxionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neptunium-237 Inhalation in Rats

Mf¹,

Ps²,

Rl³

1986

Health Physics

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Groups of rats were exposed to aerosols of 237Np nitrate to determine clearance rates, retention and distribution at various intervals after inhalation. Initial lung burdens (ILB) after 237Np inhalation by three treatment groups were 0.12, 0.19 and 0.37 mu Ci/kg, respectively. Radiochemical analyses of animals killed at 4, 8, 14, 28 and 90 d, as well as data for others maintained until they became moribund, showed that their lung clearance followed a three-compartment model, clearance half-times for which were 1, 35, and 10,000 d, respectively. Only 3% of the ILB was retained after 90 d; 12% of that burden had translocated to the skeleton at 750 d; the half-time for skeletal retention was 2500 d. A single tumor was the only malignancy detected in the lungs of the 35 animals allowed to survive the early phase of the study.

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The Disposition of Americium-241 Oxide Following Inhalation by Beagles

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

ICRP Publication 141: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 4

ICRP Publication 141: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 4

Implications of the Dosimetric Model for the Respiratory System on Limits for Intakes of Radionuclides by Workers (Icrp Publication 30)

Neptunium-237 Inhalation in Rats

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