The Dissociation of Aldosterone Secretion and Systemic Renin and Angiotensin Ii Levels During the Correction of Sodium Deficiency

Blair‐West, J. R.; Cain, Michael D.; Catt, K. J.; Jp, Coghlan; Denton, Derek A.; Funder, John W.; Scoggins, Bruce A.; Wright, R. D.

doi:10.1530/acta.0.0660229

Cited by 54 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The increases in water and salt intake during ANG infusion in the present study were similar to those during intravenous ANG infusion at 24 µg h -1 for 2 d in ewes (Weisinger et al 1986a). Furthermore, the elevated plasma ANG level during intravenous ANG infusion in these ewes (24 ng 100 mL -1 ) was within the range observed during Na deficiency, that is, 5-30 ng 100 mL -1 (Blair-West et al 1971). Therefore, we are confident that the responses in the present study represent physiological and not pharmacological effects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

The role of angiotensin II in the central regulation of feed intake in sheep

Sunagawa¹,

Weisinger²,

Purcell³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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[215][216][217][218][219][220][221]. The objective was to determine the role of Angiotensin II (ANG) in the central regulation of feed intake by ruminants. As a control treatment, artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was given (over a period of 98.5 h) as a continuous intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion (0.2 mL h -1 ) into the lateral ventricle of ewes (n = 5). Approximately 9 d later, the infusion was repeated with the same ewes, but the CSF contained ANG (25 µg mL -1 ). The ewes were fed dried alfalfa chaff for 2 h once daily and both water and a 0.5 M NaCl solution were available ad libitum (except that water intake was restricted on the first day of ANG infusion). Infusion of ANG resulted in severe thirst that persisted when water intake was restricted to an amount equal to voluntary intake during the control infusion. Furthermore, when ewes had ad libitum access to water, consumption during ANG infusion was 1.4 to 2.8-fold greater than that during CSF infusion (P < 0.01). Compared with CSF infusion, ANG infusion decreased eating rates by an average of 46.5% (range, 31.8-62.6%; P < 0.01) and feed intake by 25.0% (5.4-48.1%; P < 0.01), and increased salt intake by 273.8% (124.0-417.6%; P < 0.01). We concluded that ANG produced thirst sensations in the brain, resulting in excessive water intake that caused ruminal distension and significantly reduced feed intake. La recherche devait établir le rôle de l'angiotensine II (ANG) dans la régulation de la prise alimentaire par le système nerveux central chez les ruminants. Comme traitement témoin, on a infusé en continu 0,2 mL h -1 de liquide céphalorachidien artificiel (CSF) pendant 98,5 h par voie intracérébroventriculaire (ICV) dans le ventricule latéral de brebis (n = 5). Neuf jours plus tard environ, on a répété l'infusion chez les mêmes animaux, mais avec du CSF contenant de l'ANG (25 µg mL -1 ). Les brebis ont ensuite reçu de la paille de luzerne sèche pendant deux heures chaque jour ainsi que de l'eau et une solution de NaCl 0,5 M ad libitum (sauf le premier jour de l'infusion d'ANG, où l'on a restreint la consommation d'eau). L'infusion d'ANG entraîne une soif intense qui n'a pu être étanchée quand la quantité d'eau était limitée à celle volontairement absorbée par les animaux après infusion de la solution témoin. Par ailleurs, lorsqu'elles peuvent boire à satiété, les brebis consomment de 1,4 à 2,8 fois plus d'eau qu'après l'infusion de CSF (P < 0,01). Comparativement à celle de CSF, l'infusion d'ANG réduit l'indice de consommation d'en moyenne 46,5 % (fourchette de 31,8 à 62,6 %; P < 0,01) et la prise alimentaire de 25,0 % (de 5,4 à 48,1 %; P < 0.01), tandis que l'absorption de sel augmente de 273,8 % (de 124,0 à 417,6 %; P < 0,01). Les auteurs en concluent que l'ANG provoque une grande sensation de soif dans le cerveau, ce qui entraîne une consommation excessive d'eau conduisant à la distension du rumen et à une plus faible prise alimentaire.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

The role of angiotensin II in the central regulation of feed intake in sheep

Sunagawa¹,

Weisinger²,

Purcell³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Other investigators have not alway\s foundi( a close association between renin activity and aldosterone secretion (7,(14)(15)(16)(17). Since experimental design and methodologic differences could explain some of these rel)orts, the present study was designed to carefully control other factors wrhich could alter the level of renin activity or aldosterone and thereby artifactuallv produce dlissociation between them.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Studies of the Control of Plasma Aldosterone Concentration in Normal Man

Williams¹,

Tuck²,

Rose³

et al. 1972

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T The peripheral plasmna levels of aldosterone, renin activity, potassium, sodium, corticosterone, and cortisol were measured in six normal subjects four times daily-10 a.m., 2 p.m., 5 p.m., 11 p.m.-on 3 consecutive days. A constant daytime activity program was maintained throughout the study. After 5 days on a 10 mEq sodium/100 mEq potassium isocaloric intake, the mean upright 10 a.m. plasma renin activity was 1773±186 ng/100 xnl per 3 hr and the mean plasma aldosterone, 81±+14 ng/100 ml. These two parameters fell continuously throughout the day parallel to the fall in plasma cortisol and corticosterone. In response to 2 liters of normal saline infused from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. on 2 consecutive days, plasma aldosterone levels fell significantly to 13±5 ng/100 ml at 2 p.m. after the 1st day's infusion and to 6±1 ng/100 ml at 2 p.m. after the 2nd. Plasma renin activity demonstrated a parallel fall to 368±63 ng/ 100 ml per 3 hr and 189±27 ng/100 ml per 3 hr at 2 p.m. on the 1st and 2nd days, respectively. There was no significant alteration in plasma levels of cortisol, corticosterone, potassium, or sodium on the 2 days of sodium loading in comparison with the control day. In an additional study, five normal supine subjects received 500 ml saline/hr for 6 hr. As in the 2 day study, plasma aldosterone and renin activity had parallel decrements at 1, 2, 4, and 6 hr after the start of the saline infusion. From these studies, it is concluded that plasma renin activity is the dominant factor controlling plasma aldosterone when sodium-depleted normal subjects are acutely repleted.Dr. Williams is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

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“…The reliability of the above observations have been thrown into doubt however, with both the primacy of AngII in control of aldosterone secretion during sodium depletion challenged and the discovery of the existence of alternative biosynthetic pathways to aldosterone during sodium depletion. A number of studies have been able to show a dissociation between the renin-angiotensin system and aldosterone secretion during sodium depletion (Blair-West et al 1971, 1973). Indeed, ADM was able to lower plasma aldosterone in sheep despite high circulating levels of renin (Charles et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of adrenomedullin infusion on basal and stimulated aldosterone secretion in conscious sheep with cervical adrenal autotransplants

Salemi

McDougall²,

Hardy³

et al. 2000

Journal of Endocrinology

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In vivo and in vitro studies have shown conflicting effects of adrenomedullin (ADM) on the secretion of steroid hormones from the adrenal gland. While some investigators report no effect of this peptide on the output of various hormones, others have reported both stimulatory and inhibitory roles for ADM. We have shown that basal aldosterone secretion rate (ASR), in conscious sheep with cervical adrenal autotransplants, did not change when ADM was infused directly into the adrenal arterial supply. While not affecting basal ASR, ADM did produce pronounced increases in adrenal blood flow (BF). This elevation of BF in association with ADM infusion was seen in all subsequent experiments. When aldosterone output was acutely stimulated by angiotensin II (AngII), potassium chloride (KCl) and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), ADM was seen to drastically reduce the secretion of aldosterone with all agonists studied. After pre-exposure to ADM, all three agonists increased ASR but the magnitude of the responses were somewhat blunted. ADM did not have the same effect on cortisol secretion stimulated by ACTH, suggesting that the ability of this peptide to influence adrenal gland function is limited to the zona glomerulosa. In conditions of chronic elevation of aldosterone levels, such as in Na deficiency, ADM did not display the same inhibitory abilities seen in the acute stimulation experiments. Hence, ADM has been shown to have a direct, inhibitory role on the acute stimulation of aldosterone by AngII, KCl and ACTH while not affecting basal or chronic aldosterone secretion or cortisol secretion stimulated by ACTH.

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The Dissociation of Aldosterone Secretion and Systemic Renin and Angiotensin Ii Levels During the Correction of Sodium Deficiency

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

The role of angiotensin II in the central regulation of feed intake in sheep

The role of angiotensin II in the central regulation of feed intake in sheep

Studies of the Control of Plasma Aldosterone Concentration in Normal Man

Effect of adrenomedullin infusion on basal and stimulated aldosterone secretion in conscious sheep with cervical adrenal autotransplants

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