The Distally Based Sural Artery Flap for Ankle and Foot Coverage

Cheema, Tahseen; Saleh, Ehab S; Carvalho, Alex Franco de

doi:10.1053/j.jfas.2006.10.001

Cited by 44 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Several studies have shown good results with the use of this flap [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . Because several errors are common during the learning phase of this technique, describing these errors may improve the initial results and may support the continued use of this flap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retalho sural de fluxo reverso: 10 anos de experiência clínica e modificações

Vendramin¹

2012

Rev. Bras. Cir. Plást.

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Reverse flow sural flap: 10 years of clinical experience and changes Reverse-flow sural flap: 10 years of clinical experience and modifications Retalho sural de fluxo reverso: 10 anos de experiência clínica e modificações ABSTRACT Background: The reverse flow sural flap has been featured as a relevant option for reconstruction of the distal region of the legs and feet. However, some common mistakes are made while surgeons are learning how to employ this flap. The aim of this study was to analyze use of the flap by surgeons in with 10 years of experience by comparing the first 5 years to the last 5 years in order to identify technical alterations that contribute to better results. This study also aimed at alerting the surgeons in the learning phase regarding the most important details that should be addressed when using this technique. Methods: We studied the results obtained for 61 reverse flow sural flaps used from January 2002 to December 2011. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1, patients that underwent surgery from January 2002 to December 2006 and group 2, patients that underwent surgery from January 2007 to December 2011. In group 2, we made changes to the fasciocutaneous flaps that included dissection of a fasciosubcutaneous margin exceeding the cutaneous portion of the flap and preservation of a lane of skin over the pedicle. Results: In group 1, the incidences of partial necrosis and total necrosis were 18.5% and 3.7%, respectively, whereas group 2 had an 8.8% incidence of partial necrosis and no cases of total necrosis. Conclusions: The reverse flow sural flap is a good option for the treatment of the distal region of the legs and feet. Experience with this technique and the additional cautions described herein may contribute to even better results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retalho sural de fluxo reverso: 10 anos de experiência clínica e modificações

Vendramin¹

2012

Rev. Bras. Cir. Plást.

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“…The parts affected, dimensions of the flap (rather than the pedicle) and overall complications.plate, so complications occurred only in 4 patients out of the[17].Also, a recent meta-analysis reviewed by Follmar et al,in 2007, reported that 82% of RSSAF heal without any flap-related complications[18].During our study, venous congestion occurred in only 25% of cases, all of them were treated conservatively. These results disagree with the results of Kristoffer, in 2015 who reviewed treatment of 27 patients using RSSAF.…”

mentioning

confidence: 58%

Role of Reversed Sural Artery Flap in Reconstruction of Lower Third of the Leg, Ankle and Foot Defects

Mohamed¹,

Mobarak²

2018

MPS

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Introduction: Coverage of defects of the distal lower extremity and foot remains a challenging reconstructive procedure. Free tissue transfer remains the standard for the management of these defects. However, there are some disadvantages like; longer operative times, bulky contour, and the need for highly skilled expertise. The reverse superficial sural artery flap (RSSAF) is a distally based fasciocutaneous or adipo-fascial flap that is used for coverage of defects that involve the distal third of the leg, ankle, and foot. A significant advantage of this flap is a constant blood supply that does not require sacrifice of a major artery. Methods: Twenty RSSAF flaps were harvested for reconstruction of different traumatic soft tissue defects of the lower third of leg, ankle and foot. Follow up for 6 months postoperative. Results: Twenty Patients; twelve males and eight females underwent reconstruction of different soft tissue defects over the foot and ankle using RSSAF. The overall complications occurred in 6 flaps; 4 minor and 2 major complications. The remaining 14 flaps passed an uneventful follow up. Conclusions: The reverse superficial sural artery flap RSSAF can be used as a reliable alternative to free tissue transfer in reconstruction of defects over the lower third of leg, ankle, and foot. Venous congestion is the major threat to the flap but its incidence can be minimized by wide pedicle, less kink of the flap, and keep the venae comitants around the artery.

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“…But it is not a good match for the defects of posterior heel as it is more bulky, insensate, usually leaves long linear scars cutting across the ankle and skin grafting is needed in calf region. 7 Simple method like skin grafting may also be useful in specific situations but it often leads to unacceptable results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of lateral calcaneal flap for coverage of posterior heel defects

et al. 2017

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Lateral calcaneal flap is frequently used for coverage of lateral calcaneum and posterior heel defects. We conducted a prospective study using lateral calcaneal artery flap to cover posterior heel defects from July 2011 to June 2015 in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Khulna Medical College to observe the clinical outcome of use of lateral calcaneal artery flap. A total number of ten soft tissue defects in posterior heel with and without exposed Achilles tendon or calcaneus due to different causes were reconstructed with lateral calcaneal artery flap. All ten flaps survived completely with no subsequent breakdown of the skin, even after regular wearing of normal shoes. The flap donor sites were grafted with split-thickness skin grafts in all cases. Partial graft loss was noted in two cases which were eventually healed spontaneously with dressing without the need for a secondary graft. Epidermal necrosis developed in one case which was ultimately healed with conservative treatment. There was no loss of sensation in flap area but sensory disturbance at the lateral part of the dorsum of foot was found in all cases. Our results were satisfactory in terms of coverage adequacy, perioperative morbidity, and functional and aesthetical outcomes. The lateral calcaneal artery skin flap can be used safely to provide sensory skin coverage in posterior heel defects.

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The Distally Based Sural Artery Flap for Ankle and Foot Coverage

Cited by 44 publications

References 27 publications

Retalho sural de fluxo reverso: 10 anos de experiência clínica e modificações

Retalho sural de fluxo reverso: 10 anos de experiência clínica e modificações

Role of Reversed Sural Artery Flap in Reconstruction of Lower Third of the Leg, Ankle and Foot Defects

Use of lateral calcaneal flap for coverage of posterior heel defects

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