The Distress Smile and its Cognitive Antecedents

Singh, Aditya; Manjaly, Jaison A.

doi:10.1007/s10919-020-00345-z

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The degree of difficulty of transitioning to a strong smile state when experiencing pain may depend on the reason for smiling. Amused smiles reflect a desire to convey a positive emotional state, to increase rapport with another person (Martin et al, 2017), whereas pain smiles may be expressed as a form of social appeasement (Singh & Manjaly, 2021) or facial feedback (which shows intraindividual differences) (Coles et al, 2019;Kraft & Pressman, 2012;Pressman et al, 2020). The current study corroborated evidence that differences in communicative gestures elicited by a given emotion can result in idiosyncratic state transitions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Spatio-Temporal Properties of Amused, Embarrassed, and Pained Smiles

2022

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Smiles are universal but nuanced facial expressions that are most frequently used in face-to-face communications, typically indicating amusement but sometimes conveying negative emotions such as embarrassment and pain. Although previous studies have suggested that spatial and temporal properties could differ among these various types of smiles, no study has thoroughly analyzed these properties. This study aimed to clarify the spatiotemporal properties of smiles conveying amusement, embarrassment, and pain using a spontaneous facial behavior database. The results regarding spatial patterns revealed that pained smiles showed less eye constriction and more overall facial tension than amused smiles; no spatial differences were identified between embarrassed and amused smiles. Regarding temporal properties, embarrassed and pained smiles remained in a state of higher facial tension than amused smiles. Moreover, embarrassed smiles showed a more gradual change from tension states to the smile state than amused smiles, and pained smiles had lower probabilities of staying in or transitioning to the smile state compared to amused smiles. By comparing the spatiotemporal properties of these three smile types, this study revealed that the probability of transitioning between discrete states could help distinguish amused, embarrassed, and pained smiles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Spatio-Temporal Properties of Amused, Embarrassed, and Pained Smiles

2022

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“…Thus, facial expressions do not necessarily indicate a unified meaning. For instance, a smile can be considered as a rewarding smile as well as a dominant smile ( Martin et al, 2021 ), a smile of pain ( Kunz et al, 2013 ), or a distress smile ( Singh and Manjaly, 2021 ). Conversely, ∘ as a positive or correct feedback can be expected to be relatively definitive than a smile, and the relationship it shows between the meaning and the form can be interpreted as being more certain than that in the case of facial expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedback From Facial Expressions Contribute to Slow Learning Rate in an Iowa Gambling Task

Namba¹

2021

Front. Psychol.

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Facial expressions of emotion can convey information about the world and disambiguate elements of the environment, thus providing direction to other people’s behavior. However, the functions of facial expressions from the perspective of learning patterns over time remain elusive. This study investigated how the feedback of facial expressions influences learning tasks in a context of ambiguity using the Iowa Gambling Task. The results revealed that the learning rate for facial expression feedback was slower in the middle of the learning period than it was for symbolic feedback. No difference was observed in deck selection or computational model parameters between the conditions, and no correlation was observed between task indicators and the results of depressive questionnaires.

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Smiling at moral misbehaviors: the effect of violation benignness and psychological distance

Franchin,

Osler,

Frizzera

et al. 2023

Motiv Emot

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Why do certain moral violations elicit amusement while others do not? According to McGraw and Warren’s (2010) benign-violation theory of humor, for a situation to elicit amusement it should involve a benign violation. Furthermore, the greater the psychological distance from the situation, the greater the amusement it will elicit. We tested this theory by recording spontaneous facial expressions and collecting self-ratings of amusement in response to classic scenarios of purity and harm violations, which we stated either from a psychologically close second-person perspective or a psychologically distant third-person perspective. A feature of these classic scenarios is that purity violations are relatively more benign (less malignant) than harm violations, which we independently found. The theory thus predicts more amusement elicitation for purity violations, which would be more pronounced when the hypothetical transgressor is a third party rather than the participant. We found that amusement was exclusively elicited by the more benign purity violations but no effect of psychological distance. Furthermore, the judged malignance of a violation was a strong predictor of amusement. Overall, the results partially support the benign violation theory of humor.

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The Distress Smile and its Cognitive Antecedents

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Spatio-Temporal Properties of Amused, Embarrassed, and Pained Smiles

Spatio-Temporal Properties of Amused, Embarrassed, and Pained Smiles

Feedback From Facial Expressions Contribute to Slow Learning Rate in an Iowa Gambling Task

Smiling at moral misbehaviors: the effect of violation benignness and psychological distance

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