The Distribution and Cytology of Turkish Pelargonium (Geraniaceae)

Two Pelargonium Species From Turkey and Northern Iraq

“…Within section Jenkinsonia, both P. antidysentericum and P. praemorsum have 2n = 18 and 36, whereas P. boranense and P. tetragonum have 2n = 22. Unusually, all four populations of P. endlicherianum and the two of P. quercetorum which have been studied cytologically at Kew have a chromosome number of 2n = 34 (Johnson & Ozhatay, 1988). Prior to our investigation, several other workers had published chromosome counts of 2n = 36 for P. endlicherianum, although the number for P. guercetorum was unknown.…”

“…Surprisingly there are two frost-tolerant species which are found in Turkey and also northern Iraq. Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl is in fact quite widespread throughout Turkey, unlike the only other Turkish species, P. quercetorum Agnew, which has been found only in one small area near Hakksri in the south east (Johnson & Ozhatay, 1988). Both species belong to section Jenkinsonia (Sweet) Harv.…”

Phylogeny of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) Based on DNA Sequences from Three Genomes

“…Clade C2 contains species currently assigned to sections Subsucculentia and Ciconium, although the latter still awaits formal circumscription (i.e., species content). Karyological diversification in clade C2 has yielded three different basic chromosome numbers (x = 11, x = 10 and x = 17), the latter as a result of either an aneuploidy or allotetraploidy event in (the ancestor of) P. endlicherianum and P. quercetorum (Johnson & Özhatay, 1987). Perlargonium transvaalense from Mpumalanga was previously assigned to section Eumorpha (Gibby & Westfold, 1986), currently in sect.…”

Exploring floral evolution in Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) : linking shapes and macro-evolution

“…Extensive studies have been conducted into the genetics and biosynthetic pathways underlying floral colouration and pigmentation (Agati et al, 2012;Elomaa and Holton, 1994;Forkmann, 1991;Giusti et al, 1999;Grotewold, 2006;Holton and Cornish, 1995;Mol et al, 1998;Petroni and Tonelli, 2011;Quattrocchio et al, 2001;Rausher, 2008;Tanaka, 2006;Wang et al, 2004;Winkel, 1991;Zhao and Dixon, 2010). Therefore, there is quite a good understanding of the genes and pathways involved, for plants in general but also some for Pelargonium more specifically (Johnson and Özhatay, 1988;Mitchell et al, 1998;Palumbo et al, 2007;Sukhumpinij et al, 2012). These form a good basis for finding out more about the genetic triggers that result in differences between petal marking syndromes.…”