The distribution and localization of the stage-specific GP31 antigen from infective Ostertagia circumcincta larvae

McGillivery, D.J.; Yong, W.K.; Riffkin, G. G.; Adler, Ben

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(90)90178-p

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Our results are supported by those obtained previously by Kondo et al [5]. In other nematode immunogold studies using electron microscopy, the glycoprotein (GP31) antigen has been located in secretory organelles within the cells of the esophageal glands in sheep nematode (Ostertagia circumcincta) larvae [15]. The monoclonal antibodies against excretory-secretory-metabolic antigens of filarial parasites were found to label the cuticular portions of third-stage larvae and adults of lymphatic parasites but not the epicuticular surface according to immunoelectron microscopic studies [16].…”

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confidence: 92%

Ultrastructural Localization of Toxocara canis Larval Antigen Reacted with a Seropositive Human Serum

Lee

Huh

2009

Korean J Parasitol

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Human toxocariasis is one of the most commonly reported zoonotic helminthic infections in the world. In Korea, out of 97 healthy people with over 10% eosinophilia, 60% was positive to Toxocara larvae excretory-secretory (TES) antigen by both immunoblot and ELISA [1]. Also, there was a 0.9% egg positive rate of Toxocara canis out of 662 dogs in a rural area, Korea [2]. Three modes of pathogenesis occur in human toxocariasis. First, T. canis larvae can cause destructive lesions that are characterized by hemorrhage and necrosis during their migration to the eye, liver, lung, brain, and heart [3]. Second, the host immune response against migrating larvae induces inflammation and granuloma formation that is directed to the TES antigen. Third, the TES has been associated with allergy-related syndromes such as chronic urticaria, reactive arthritis, and angioderma, which suggest an allergic reaction to the TES [4]. The excretory-secretory (ES) products of T. canis larvae have been considered as a functional antigen in immune responses against toxocariasis because the excretory cells of the larvae contain many ES products [5]. Then, in most immunological tests, ES recombinant antigens from T. canis second-stage larvae have been conventionally used because the infective Toxocara larvae are extremely difficult to detect in biopsy specimens [6]. Some components of the TES are known to be released from the esophageal gland and lumen, i.e., midbody secretory column, which opens onto the cuticle at a secretory pore, and epicuticle under immunogold electron microscopy [7,8]. Although several studies on the secretory anatomy have been performed in parasitic nematode species [5,9,10], there are no data on the origin of the TES itself in relation to structure and function of the excretory system. We attempted to elucidate the ultrastructural localization of the TES antigen from T. canis second-stage larvae using a human serum that is seropositive against the TES. Determining the distribution sites of the TES will help elucidate the physiologic nature of the TES antigen.For the primary antibody, a human serum that was serologically positive to TES by ELISA and immunoblotting analysis was used. The patient had clinical complaints of visual impairment along with floating or bubbling sensation [11]. For a secondary antibody, goat anti-human IgG ( γ -chain specific) coupled with 5 nm colloidal gold particle (Sigma, St. Louis, Missouri, USA) was used. T. canis larvae from culture media [12] were fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde and 0.4% glutaraldehyde in 0.2 M phosphate buffer (PB, pH 7.4) for 2 hr at room temperature, and washed with 0.2 M PB for 30 min at room temperature. The samples were dehydrated in a graded series of ethanol at 4℃ and embedded in LR gold resin (Electron Microscopy Sciences, Fort Washington, Pennsylvania, USA). The resin was polymerized at -20℃ for 2 days. An ultrathin section (90 nm) was cut and mounted on a 300-mesh nickel grid for labeling (Electron Microscopy Sciences). Sectioned specimens were incubated with drop...

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confidence: 92%

Ultrastructural Localization of Toxocara canis Larval Antigen Reacted with a Seropositive Human Serum

Lee

Huh

2009

Korean J Parasitol

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“…However, the observation that sera from some resistant sheep did not recognise this glycoprotein indicated that other antigens may be involved in protection. Further studies by these authors (McGillivery et al 1990) showed that the 31 Kd glycoprotein is not exposed on the surface of the larvae.…”

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confidence: 91%

Immune responses of sheep to surface antigens of infective larvae of Ostertagia circumcincta

Wędrychowicz

Bairden

Tait

et al. 1992

Parasite Immunology

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Immune responses to surface antigens of infective larvae of Ostertagia circumcincta were studied in 5-month old Finn-Dorset male lambs. The sheep were vaccinated subcutaneously with 2 doses of 25 micrograms/kg body weight of infective larvae surface or somatic extracts and Freund's or beryllium hydroxide adjuvants. It was found that only in lambs vaccinated with L3 surface extracts and beryllium hydroxide as an adjuvant did worm burdens differ significantly (P less than 0.01) from those of challenge controls (71.7% protection). Sheep vaccinated with the same antigenic preparation but administered with Freund's adjuvant or with beryllium adjuvant and somatic extracts demonstrated rather poor protection (32.4 and 30.5% respectively). All the vaccinated sheep showed a high IgG response to L3 surface antigens while significant levels of serum and bile IgA reacting with the surface extracts were only detected in those lambs vaccinated with L3 surface extracts and beryllium hydroxide. In immunofluorescence tests serum IgA of this group reacted with the whole surface of exsheathed larvae or with the site of opening of excretory pore while IgG antibodies reacted strongly with the anterior and posterior parts of the infective larvae. Both IgA and IgG responses to surface antigens were stage specific.

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Vaccines against gastrointestinal nematode parasites of ruminants

Emery

Wagland

1991

Parasitology Today

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The distribution and localization of the stage-specific GP31 antigen from infective Ostertagia circumcincta larvae

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Ultrastructural Localization of Toxocara canis Larval Antigen Reacted with a Seropositive Human Serum

Ultrastructural Localization of Toxocara canis Larval Antigen Reacted with a Seropositive Human Serum

Immune responses of sheep to surface antigens of infective larvae of Ostertagia circumcincta

Vaccines against gastrointestinal nematode parasites of ruminants

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