The distribution of cancer cases in Somalia

Baş, Yılmaz; Hassan, Hussein Abshir; Adıgüzel, Cevdet; Bulur, Oktay; Ibrahim, I.; Soydan, Seçil

doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2017.10.007

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…3 Since there is no national cancer registry system in Somalia, the population-based cancer incidence is not known. Although Baş et al 5 conducted the first study in 2017 to evaluate the cancer incidence in Somalia, especially in the capital Mogadishu and its surroundings, due to the limited number of patients, the results were not sufficient to reflect the real situation for the whole population. Therefore, the current study can be considered as the first comprehensive retrospective study on cancer incidence in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Cancer Incidence and Distribution at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Somalia from 2017 to 2020: An Initial Report of 1306 Cases</p>

Tahtabaşı

Abdullahi

Kalaycı

et al. 2020

CMAR

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Patients and Methods: This retrospective and descriptive study included the review of a total of 5238 pathology reports obtained from the medical records of the Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Education and Research Hospital. Patient characteristics, lesion localization, and histopathology were recorded. Patients with an unconfirmed cancer diagnosis, borderline tumors, intraepithelial neoplasms and metastatic cancers were excluded from the study. The cases were classified according to gender, age, and organ involvement. Results: Of the 1306 patients included in the study, 50.9% (n=666) were female and 49.1% (n=640) were male, and the mean age was 51.1±19.4 years. Of the cases, 5.1% (n=67) were pediatric (0-17 years) and 35.8% (n=468) were in the 18-50 years range. The most common cancer was esophageal cancer (EC) for the overall data (n=284; 21.7%) and in both genders. EC peaked in the fifth decade, and the most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma (n=256; 91.1%). Liver cancer was the second most common cancer overall (n=99; 7.6%) and in men (n=67; 10.5%). Cervical cancer was the second most common cancer among women (n=88; 13.3%) and ranked fourth in terms of overall incidence (n=88; 6.7%). Breast cancer was the third most common overall (n=95; 7.3%) and in women (n= 7; 13.1%). Conclusion: This study shows that in Somalia, EC is the most common cancer in both genders. These high rates in Somalia suggest that environmental factors and dietary habits may have an effect. To reduce the incidence of EC and prevent its development, the population of Somalia should be educated and effective planning should be undertaken.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Cancer Incidence and Distribution at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Somalia from 2017 to 2020: An Initial Report of 1306 Cases</p>

Tahtabaşı

Abdullahi

Kalaycı

et al. 2020

CMAR

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“…In addition, almost all of the esophageal cancers in high-risk areas (in sub-Saharan, East, and South Africa) are SCC [19]. In an epidemiological study performed in Somalia by Baş et al [9], esophageal SCC was the most common tumor. In addition, in this cytological study, SCC was the most common metastatic malignant HNM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rates of maternal mortality and death in children < 5 years of age are among the highest in the world, and communicable diseases are the most common causes of illness and death [8]. In addition to TB [6, 8], advanced malignancies [9] are a serious public health problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnosis of these diseases by FNAB is mainly made by voluntary doctors, and there are no endoscopic ultrasound, radical treatment, positron emission tomography, oncologic surgery, or radiation oncology units in Somalia [9]. Chemotherapy is applied in Somalia, but most patients with cancer cannot undergo this treatment because of the high cost [9]. For these reasons, advanced treatment is impossible in advanced stages and in patients with metastases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accuracy of the etiological results obtained with the FNAB technique is based on a massive collection of pathological samples and is also largely dependent on the operator’s skills [14]. The diagnosis of these diseases by FNAB is mainly made by voluntary doctors, and there are no endoscopic ultrasound, radical treatment, positron emission tomography, oncologic surgery, or radiation oncology units in Somalia [9]. Chemotherapy is applied in Somalia, but most patients with cancer cannot undergo this treatment because of the high cost [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytological Findings of Malignant and Benign Head and Neck Masses in Somalia

Baş

2018

Acta Cytologica

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Objective: There are no up-to-date records on head and neck masses (HNMs) in Somalia. This cytological study is the first to demonstrate the benefits and findings of fine-needle aspiration cytology in evaluating HNMs in the adult population of Somalia. Study Design: A total of 116 aspiration samples were taken from different levels of the neck region, except for the thyroid. Cases were classified as salivary gland, lymph node, or soft tissue/cystic lesions. They were classified according to age, gender, and cytological diagnosis. Results: Patients included 54 (46.6%) males and 62 (53.4%) females, with a mean age of 40.6 years. Seventy-two patients (62.1%) had benign lesions, while 44 (37.9%) had malignant lesions. Necrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis (n = 51, 70.8% of the benign findings) and lymph node metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma (n = 13, 29.5% of the malignant findings) were the most frequent findings. Conclusion: Fine-needle aspiration is a useful procedure in the diagnosis of neck masses. It is a cheap and easy guiding method for diagnosing granulomatous lymphadenitis and advanced-stage metastatic cancers, which are common in this country.

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Cancer incidence in the Somali population of Olmsted County: A Rochester epidemiology project study

Mohamed,

Chamberlain,

Yost

et al. 2023

Cancer Medicine

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BackgroundSomali immigrants and refugees constitute one of the largest African ethnic groups immigrating to the United States over the past three decades with the majority resettling in the state of Minnesota. Previous studies have documented significant cancer screening disparities between the Somali population and the general population. However, little is known about cancer incidence among Somali groups living in the United States.MethodsWe determined the incidence of 18 types or sites of malignancy using ICD‐9 and ICD‐10 codes and compared them between Somali and non‐Somali populations in Olmsted County, Minnesota utilizing the Rochester Epidemiology Project medical records‐linkage infrastructure for the years 2000–2020. Poisson regression models were used to model the rates for each malignancy.ResultsThere was a higher incidence and relative risk of liver malignancies among the Somali population versus non‐Somali population, but lower relative risk and incidence of the following malignancies: breast, cervical, and melanoma. After direct age‐sex adjustment to the United States 2000 Census population, liver was the most common cancer in Somali men, while breast cancer was the most common malignancy in women.ConclusionMalignancies related to infectious agents such as viral hepatitis have a higher incidence in the Somali immigrant population of Olmsted County. There is a lower incidence of malignancies related to lifestyle factors in this Somali population. Findings of this study may help inform cancer prevention and screening strategies among Somali communities in the United States.

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The distribution of cancer cases in Somalia

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

<p>Cancer Incidence and Distribution at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Somalia from 2017 to 2020: An Initial Report of 1306 Cases</p>

<p>Cancer Incidence and Distribution at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Somalia from 2017 to 2020: An Initial Report of 1306 Cases</p>

Cytological Findings of Malignant and Benign Head and Neck Masses in Somalia

Cancer incidence in the Somali population of Olmsted County: A Rochester epidemiology project study

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