The Distribution of Cigarette Smoke Components between Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke: II. Bases

Abstract

SUMMARYYidds in sidestream smoke (SS) and mainstream smoke (MS) and sidestream smoke to mainstream smoke distribu~ tion ratios (SS/MS) of 34 bases were examined from four types of cigarettes made from Bright, Hurley, Turkish and domestic (c.v. Matsukawa) tobacco. Irrespective of to· bacco variety, major bases in sidestream smoke were am~ monia, nicotine, 3-vinylpyridine, pyridine and 3-hydroxypyridine, and those in mains.tream smoke were nicotine, 3-hydroxypyridine, ammonia, 3-picoline and pyridine. SS/ MS ratios of the bases were generally larger than 1.0 and the largest SS/MS ratio was that of ammonia, followed by those of 3-vinylpyridine, 3-cyanopyridine, nicotyrine and pyridine in that order. The preponderance of bases in sidestream smoke over mainstream smoke might be one of the major causes for the differences in aroma and irritation between sidenream smoke and mainstream smoke. Hauptstromrauch-Verbaltnis der Hasen lag im allgemeinen Uber 1,0, wobei fUr Ammoniak der hOcbste Wert gefunden wurde und 3· Vinylpyridin, 3-Cyanpyri· din, Nicotyrin und Pyridin mit jeweils abnehmenden Werten folgten. Der hinsichdich Aroma und Reizwirkung zwischen Haupt-und Nebenstromrauch :zu beobachtende Unterschied kOnnte unter anderem vor allem auch darin begriindet sein, daB im Nebenstromrauch Hasen in stirkerem AusmaB vorkommen als im Hauptstromrauch. RESUME Prellant des echantillons de cigarettes confectionnees a partir de 4 types de tabac differents (Virginie, Hurley, tabac turc et variete locale de tabac japonais Matsu· kawa), on determina 34 bases dans le courant principal (MS) et le courant secondaire (SS) de la fumee et l'on calcula le rapport flux secondaire I flux principal (SS/ MS). IndCpendamment du type de tabac etudie, les bases presentes en plus grandes quantites dans le courant secondaire de la fumee etaient: l'ammoniaque, la nicotine, la 3-vinylpyridine, la pyridine et la 3-hydroxypyridine, alors que, dans le courant principal, on trouvait surtout de la nicotine, de la 3-hydroxypyridine, de l'ammoniaque, de la 3-picoline et de la pyridine. Le rap· port flux secondaire I flux principal, concernant les bases, se situait generalement au-dessus de 1,0; le taux le plus eleve fut atteint par l'ammoniaque suivie dans l'ordre par la 3-vinylpyridine, la 3-cyanopyridine, la nicotyrine et la pyridine. Les differences observees entre la fumee du ,flux principal et la fumee du flux secondaire, eu egard a l'arOme et a l'effect irritant, pourraient s'expliquer entre autres, par une plus grande quantitC de bases contenue dans le flux secondaire plutOt que dans le flux principal.

The prediction of the effects of tobacco type on smoke composition from the pyrolysis modeling of tobacco shreds

“…Among many parameters, large uncertainties in the tobacco pyrolysis kinetic data and lack of including transport processes in the tobacco rod make quantitative comparison of numerical predictions and experimental measurements rather unrealistic. However, in this study such a comparison is tried with the experimental measurements conducted by Sakuma et al [23][24][25] and Johnson et al [26]. The simulation predictions of pyrolysis product evolution patterns for bright, burley and oriental tobaccos are overlaid in Fig.…”

Transient Absorption of Inhaled Vapors into a Multilayer Mucus–Tissue–Blood System

“…2 Benzene is considered a hazardous air pollutant by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) 11 and is also found in mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke. 35 Acetaldehyde is also classified as a hazardous air pollutant 11 that is a potential carcinogen in humans and may cause respiratory tract irritation and lesion formation at sufficient concentrations. 1 Recently, acetaldehyde in cigarette smoke was linked to the formation of MAO-inhibitors, which may play a role in reinforcing tobacco smoke dependence and addiction.…”

Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Emissions

“…While some input parameters can be well defined by field measurement (such as building factors, ventilation rate, and exposure), others are more difficult to determine in the field (such as emission rates and decay factor as well as occupant sensitivity). In this work, CO and TSP emission rates from ETS were obtained from literature reported values based on research studies for characterizing ETS emissions [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Table 4 summarizes the input data used in the exposure modelling assessment.…”