The distribution of divergent mitochondrial DNA lineages of threespine stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>) in the northeastern Pacific Basin: post‐glacial dispersal and lake accessibility

Johnson, Lisa S.; Taylor, Eric B.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01078.x

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Tissue samples of specimens from Washington, the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin were lent by the University of Washington Fish Collection, where the vouchers are archived. We supplemented this dataset with published mtDNA clade frequencies from Cook Inlet, Alaska (Cresko, ; E.A.L., unpublished data), Bering Glacier, Alaska (Weigner, ) and British Columbia (Deagle et al ., ; Johnson & Taylor, ), resulting in a total dataset of 3682 individuals from 169 locations (Fig. , and see Appendix S1 in Supporting Information).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Admixture of ancient mitochondrial lineages in three‐spined stickleback populations from the North Pacific

Lescak

Marcotte

Kenney

et al. 2014

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim We test the hypothesis that the North Pacific coastline from British Columbia to the Kuril Islands forms a broad region of admixture between two divergent mitochondrial‐genome (mtDNA) lineages in three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus): the Euro‐North American (ENA) and Trans‐North‐Pacific (TNP or Japanese) clades. We test whether distance is the primary determinant of geographical patterns of haplotype distributions and whether deep‐water trenches in the Aleutian and Kuril archipelagos impede gene flow. Location Coastal marine and freshwater sites from the Kuril Islands (north‐western Pacific Ocean) to Oregon (north‐eastern Pacific Ocean). Methods We determined the mtDNA clade for 1327 individuals from 67 locations across 8000 km of the North Pacific using restriction fragment length polymorphism assays of the cytochrome b mitochondrial gene. We supplemented this with published clade designations from coastal Pacific populations and applied generalized linear modelling and Mantel tests. We used analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) to test for significant partitioning of genetic variation by deep‐water trenches. Results The western boundary of the ENA clade was Simushir (Kuril Islands) and the eastern boundary of the TNP clade was British Columbia. Coastline distance from Japan was a significant predictor of TNP abundance. Clade composition variance was high at small geographical scales, in apparent discordance with the broader‐scale pattern of admixture. Deep‐water trenches were not found to significantly partition genetic variation in the Aleutian and Kuril island chains. Main conclusions The North Pacific coastline forms a broad region of secondary contact between divergent mitochondrial lineages, but with clear western and eastern boundaries. Patterns of clade abundance in the Kuril and Aleutian islands are similar to those observed in other taxa, suggesting shared biogeographical histories and common barriers shaping species distributions along the North Pacific coast. Overall patterns of clade distributions are likely to be driven by a combination of factors, including geomorphological impediments to migration, ecology, asymmetrical dispersal patterns and differences in timing of population expansions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Admixture of ancient mitochondrial lineages in three‐spined stickleback populations from the North Pacific

Lescak

Marcotte

Kenney

et al. 2014

Journal of Biogeography

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“…Many populations have been derived separately from marine or anadromous (oceanic) ancestors postglacially (Taylor and McPhail, 2000;Johnson and Taylor, 2004) and have evolved similar reduced-armor phenotypes in parallel (e.g., see Bell, '74, '76;Bell and Foster, '94;Bell, 2001;Schluter et al, 2004). The pelvis of the threespine stickleback primitively comprises a pair of large bones with robust, locking spines that contribute to defense against predatory vertebrates (Reimchen,'83,'91,'94).…”

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confidence: 98%

Directional asymmetry of pelvic vestiges in threespine stickleback

2006

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Extensive reduction of the size and complexity of the pelvic skeleton (i.e., pelvic reduction) has evolved repeatedly in Gasterosteus aculeatus. Asymmetrical pelvic vestiges tend to be larger on the left side (i.e., left biased) in populations studied previously. Loss of Pitx1 expression is associated with pelvic reduction in G. aculeatus, and pelvic reduction maps to the Pitx1 locus. Pitx1 knockouts in mice have reduced hind limbs, but the left limb is larger. Thus left-biased directional asymmetry of stickleback pelvic vestiges may indicate the involvement of Pitx1 in pelvic reduction. We examined 6,356 specimens from 27 Cook Inlet populations of G. aculeatus with extensive pelvic reduction. Samples from 20 populations exhibit the left bias in asymmetrical pelvic vestiges expected if Pitx1 is involved, and three have a slight, non-significant left bias. However, samples from three populations have a significant right bias, and one large sample from another population has equal frequencies of specimens with larger vestiges on the left or right side. A sample of fossil threespine stickleback also has significantly left-biased pelvic vestiges. These results suggest that silencing of Pitx1 or the developmental pathway in which it functions in the pelvis is the usual cause of pelvic reduction in most Cook Inlet populations of G. aculeatu, and that it caused pelvic reduction at least 10 million years ago in a stickleback population. A different developmental genetic mechanism is implicated for three populations with right-biased pelvic vestiges and for the population without directional asymmetry.

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“…Transoceanic dispersal has been previously suggested for G . aculeatus [70, 71]. The arrival of North American sticklebacks to the Western Iberian Peninsula is plausible if considering that the North Atlantic Current was displaced south of 42°N and this allowed icebergs to drift and melt at Iberian latitudes [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography and Conservation Genetics of the Ibero-Balearic Three-Spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

et al. 2017

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Genetic isolation and drift may imperil peripheral populations of wide-ranging species more than central ones. Therefore, information about species genetic variability and population structure is invaluable for conservation managers. The Iberian populations of three-spined stickleback lie at the southwestern periphery of the European distribution of Gasterosteus aculeatus. This teleost is a protected species in Portugal and Spain and local extinctions have been reported in both countries during the last decades. Our objectives were (i) to determine whether the Iberian populations of G. aculeatus are unique or composed of any of the major evolutionary lineages previously identified and (ii) to assess the evolutionary potential of these peripheral populations. We genotyped 478 individuals from 17 sites at 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci to evaluate the genetic variability and differentiation of the Ibero-Balearic populations. We also sequenced 1,165 bp of the mitochondrial genome in 331 of those individuals in order to complement the estimates of genetic diversity in the Ibero-Balearic region. We predicted the evolutionary potential of the different sites analysed based on the contribution of each of them to total allelic/mitochondrial diversity. An intraspecific phylogeny at European level was reconstructed using our data from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (755 bp) and published sequences. The so-called Transatlantic, European and Mediterranean mitochondrial lineages were found to be present in the Ibero-Balearic region. Their phylogeography suggests a history of multiple colonisations. The nuclear results show, however, a strong correlation between population structure and drainage system. The following basins should be prioritised by conservation policies in order to preserve those populations with the highest evolutionary potential: the Portuguese Vouga and Tagus as well as the Spanish Majorca and Limia. Maintenance of their connectivity, control of exotic species and monitoring of habitat properties are strongly recommended in those areas. Genetic variation alone cannot, however, ensure the persistence of these peripheral southern populations of G. aculeatus. On the one hand, the analysis of a historical sample from Eastern Spain (Penyscola) revealed no genetic erosion, which suggests a fairly sudden extinction of that population. On the other hand, the reintroduction program implemented in the Valencian Community has mostly failed despite our finding of similar level of genetic diversity between the wild source and the captive-bred released individuals.

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The distribution of divergent mitochondrial DNA lineages of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in the northeastern Pacific Basin: post‐glacial dispersal and lake accessibility

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Admixture of ancient mitochondrial lineages in three‐spined stickleback populations from the North Pacific

Admixture of ancient mitochondrial lineages in three‐spined stickleback populations from the North Pacific

Directional asymmetry of pelvic vestiges in threespine stickleback

Phylogeography and Conservation Genetics of the Ibero-Balearic Three-Spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

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