The distribution of fetal death control mice and its implications on statistical tests for dominant lethal effects

Haseman, Joseph K.; Soares, E.R.

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(76)90101-9

Cited by 76 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For example, Haseman and Soares [3] considered the distribution of fetal death in three large groups of control mice, and found that the Poisson and binomial models provided poor fits to these data. Table 1 below (taken from the Haseman and Soares paper), the observed distribution of fetal death in these three groups has been compared to what would be expected assuming an underlying Poisson or binomial model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of a Correlated Binomial Model for the Analysis of Certain Toxicological Experiments

Kupper¹,

Haseman²

1978

Biometrics

236

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In certain toxicological experiments with laboratory animals, the outcome of interest is the occurrence of dead or malformed fetuses in a 'litter. Previous investigations have shown that the simple onep arameter binomial and Poisson models generally provide poor fits to this type of binary data. In this paper, a type of correlated binom ial model is proposed for use in this situation. First, the model is described in detail and is shown to have certain theoretical advantages over a beta-binomial model proposed by Williams [8]. These two-parameter models are then contrasted as to goodness of fit to some real~life data. Finally, numerical examples are given in which likelihood ratio tests based on these models are employed to assess the significance of treatment-control differences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of a Correlated Binomial Model for the Analysis of Certain Toxicological Experiments

Kupper¹,

Haseman²

1978

Biometrics

236

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“…The percentage dominant lethal frequency (%LDF) was calculated from the mean number of live implants (LI) per pregnant female in the experimental (exp) and negative control (con) groups using the formula %LDF = [1 -(LI exp x 1-LI con -1 )] x 100 (Haseman and Soares, 1976), which takes into consideration the rates of spontaneous lethal dominants present in the negative control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of mutagenicity in somatic and germ cells of mice submitted to subchronic treatment with an extract of Croton cajucara Benth. (Euphorbiaceae)

et al. 2006

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The plant Croton cajucara Benth. (Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinal plant from the Brazilian Amazon where it is commonly known as sacaca. The principal compound isolated from C. cajucara stem-bark extracts is the clerodane-type diterpene trans-dehydrocrotonin (DCTN) which presents several biological activities, including antiulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antimutagenic and antitumoral activity. However, few studies have been carried out to evaluate the therapeutic potential of raw C. cajucara extracts. We studied mutagenicity and antimutagenicity effects of C. cajucara methanol extract using the micronucleus assay in bone marrow cells and the dominant lethal assay in mice submitted to subchronic treatments. The blood testosterone levels of the mice were also measured to assess the effects of the methanol extract on testes function. Statistical analysis of the data obtained in this study showed no statistically significant mutagenicity attributable to C. cajucara stem-bark extracts, nor did such extracts show antimutagenic activity at the concentrations assessed. The testosterone concentration was normal in all the mice studied.

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“…The exact results are expected to be useful for the calculation of standard errors of the maximum likelihood estimates of the beta-binomial parameters and those of the Dirichlet-multinomial parameters for data that arise in practice in toxicology and other similar fields. Standard errors of the maximum likelihood estimates of the beta-binomial parameters and those of the Dirichlet-multinomial parameters, based on the exact and the approximate Fisher information matrix, are obtained for three sets of data from Haseman and Soares (1976) and a dataset from Mosimann (1962). There is substantial difference between the standard errors of the estimates based on the exact Fisher information matrix and those based on the approximate Fisher information matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in the three datasets of Haseman and Soares (1976), in which the purpose was to study the mutagenic effect, the number of clusters are 524, 1328 and 554. In dataset I the cluster sizes vary from 1 to 20, in dataset II cluster sizes vary from 1 to 13 and in dataset III cluster sizes vary from 1 to 18.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fisher Information Matrix of the Dirichlet-multinomial Distribution

2005

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In this paper we derive explicit expressions for the elements of the exact Fisher information matrix of the Dirichlet-multinomial distribution. We show that exact calculation is based on the beta-binomial probability function rather than that of the Dirichlet-multinomial and this makes the exact calculation quite easy. The exact results are expected to be useful for the calculation of standard errors of the maximum likelihood estimates of the beta-binomial parameters and those of the Dirichlet-multinomial parameters for data that arise in practice in toxicology and other similar fields. Standard errors of the maximum likelihood estimates of the beta-binomial parameters and those of the Dirichlet-multinomial parameters, based on the exact and the asymptotic Fisher information matrix based on the Dirichlet distribution, are obtained for a set of data from Haseman and Soares (1976), a dataset from Mosimann (1962) and a more recent dataset from Chen, Kodell, Howe and Gaylor (1991). There is substantial difference between the standard errors of the estimates based on the exact Fisher information matrix and those based on the asymptotic Fisher information matrix.

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The distribution of fetal death control mice and its implications on statistical tests for dominant lethal effects

Cited by 76 publications

References 22 publications

The Use of a Correlated Binomial Model for the Analysis of Certain Toxicological Experiments

The Use of a Correlated Binomial Model for the Analysis of Certain Toxicological Experiments

Absence of mutagenicity in somatic and germ cells of mice submitted to subchronic treatment with an extract of Croton cajucara Benth. (Euphorbiaceae)

Fisher Information Matrix of the Dirichlet-multinomial Distribution

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