The Distribution of <i>Japonica</i> Rice Cultivars in the Lower Region of the Yangtze River Valley is Determined by Its Photoperiod‐sensitivity and Heading Date Genotypes

Wei, Xiangjin; Jiang, Ling; Liu, Xi; Liu, Shijia; Zhai, Huqu; Wan, Jianmin

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7909.2009.00866.x

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Their distribution shows a clear pattern of indica varieties being cultivated in regions of lower latitude than japonica varieties. This distribution pattern agrees in general with our empirical knowledge of rice distribution in Asia (Morishima et al, 1992; Vaughan et al, 2008a, 2008b; Wei et al, 2009). However, we have identified a number of genetically intermediate varieties distributed at more or less middle latitudes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Geographically, indica rice is distributed more widely in Asia from low latitudes to high latitudes than japonica or the intermediate types, and this may indicate that its distribution pattern is generally not as influenced by temperature. However, japonica distributed predominantly in areas of high latitude in East Asia is certainly more sensitive to temperature (Wei et al, 2009). The intermediate type of rice is mostly distributed in Southeast Asia at latitudes no higher than 27° N, suggesting that it is sensitive to temperature too.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Latitudinal Distribution and Differentiation of Rice Germplasm: Its Implications in Breeding

et al. 2011

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To determine genetic differentiation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) across a latitudinal gradient, a total of 386 rice varieties, five African rice varieties, and 52 wild rice accessions mainly from a wide range of Asia were analyzed using insertion and deletion (InDel) molecular markers. Principal component analysis divided rice into two distinct groups, although African rice and wild rice did not show such grouping. Results indicated significant indica–japonica differentiation of rice adapted to a wide range of environments, contrasting with African rice and wild rice. Analysis of the geographic distribution indicated a clear pattern for different types of rice, in which indica varieties were found across a wide range of latitudes from ∼2° S to 40° N and japonica mostly limited to latitudes greater than 15° N. Most intermediate types were distributed in regions at latitudes lower than 27° N. Correlation between rice types and temperature along the latitude gradients suggested that indica varieties are less sensitive to temperature along the latitude ranges but japonica varieties are highly sensitive to temperature. The distribution and differentiation of various types of rice across the large latitudinal range is most likely the consequence of their adaptation to ecological and environmental factors, especially temperature. This, together with the accurate determination of indica and japonica types has important implications for hybrid rice breeding through selecting properly differentiated parents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitudinal Distribution and Differentiation of Rice Germplasm: Its Implications in Breeding

et al. 2011

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“…The optimum heading date period for rice cultivars in the central region of the Korean Peninsula is from early to late August (Shim et al , ), and the average optimum seeding season for rice is from late April to late May (Lee et al , ). The heading dates for rice in the southeastern and northeastern regions of China are from between 70.6 days and 109.3 days after seeding (Wei et al , ; Wei et al , ). Because the domain of this study includes the region around the Korean Peninsula, every day from 1 July to 18 September is defined as a heading date.…”

Section: Model and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Agro‐climate changes over Northeast Asia in RCP scenarios simulated by WRF

Ahn

Hong

Shim

2015

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Dynamically downscaled agro-climates for present and future (2071-2100) climates under Representative Concentration Pathways (Historical, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5) in Northeast Asia (118 ∘ -138 ∘ E, 30 ∘ -45 ∘ N) are analysed in terms of the indices, such as vegetable and crop periods, frost days, and the climatic yield potential (CYP) for Japonica type rice (hereafter, rice). The model employed for dynamical downscaling is the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF), with a 12.5-km horizontal grid spacing in the domain. According to our results, the CYP for rice, one of the major crops presently cultivated in the area, is expected to decrease throughout most of the region, despite a projected expansion of both vegetable and crop periods. This is projected to occur particularly in South Korea, Japan, and Southeast and Northeast China. Such a change is related to the projected rise in temperature within these regions, which will exceed the grain-filling optimum temperature of rice. In contrast, the climate projection of the RCPs is that the CYP will increase over northeastern parts of the Korean Peninsula and the Russian Far Eastern region (Primorsky), because temperatures in these regions are expected to rise and approach the grain-filling optimum temperature. For the RCPs, the optimum heading date, on which the domain averaged CYP is the highest, is expected to be later than that of the Historical by approximately 17-24 days. In addition, the maximum CYP in the RCPs is projected to decrease compared with that of the historical, and the possible period of rice ripening (period in which the CYP is greater than 0) is also expected to decrease.

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“…However, most of the midlatitude japonica varieties were sensitive to photoperiod or temperature, and they were not suitable for cultivating in lowlatitude regions. Under short photoperiod and high temperature environmental conditions in low latitudes, the mid-latitude japonica varieties commonly display early flowering, resulting in low grain yield (Saito et al, 2009;Wei et al, 2009;Yuan et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Frame and Frame-Shift Editing of the Ehd1 Gene to Develop Japonica Rice With Prolonged Basic Vegetative Growth Periods

Liu

Lin

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Japonica rice has become increasingly popular in China owing to its superior grain quality. Over the past decades, "indica to japonica" projects have been proposed to promote cultivation of japonica rice in low latitudes in China. Traditionally, japonica varieties were planted mainly in mid latitudes in the northeast plain and Yangtze River region. The key obstacle for introducing elite mid-latitude japonica varieties to low latitudes is the severe shortening of growth period of the japonica varieties due to their sensitivity to low-latitude short photoperiod and high temperature. Here we report development of new japonica rice with prolonged basic vegetative growth (BVG) periods for low latitudes by targeted editing the Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) gene. Using CRISPR/Cas9 system, we generated both frame-shift and/or in-frame deletion mutants in four japonica varieties, Nipponbare, Longdao16, Longdao24, and Xiushui134. When planting at low-latitude stations, the frame-shift homozygous lines exhibited significantly longer BVG periods compared with wild-types. Interestingly, we observed that minor deletion of the first few residues within the receiver domain could quantitatively impair the function of Ehd1 on activation of Hd3a and RFT1, resulting in an intermediatelong BVG period phenotype in the homozygous in-frame deletion ehd1 lines. Field investigation further showed that, both the in-frame and frame-shift lines exhibited significantly improved yield potential compared with wild-types. Our study demonstrates an effective approach to rapid breeding of elite japonica varieties with intermediate-long and long BVG periods for flexible cropping systems in diverse areas or under different seasons in southern China, and other low-latitude regions.

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The Distribution of Japonica Rice Cultivars in the Lower Region of the Yangtze River Valley is Determined by Its Photoperiod‐sensitivity and Heading Date Genotypes

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Latitudinal Distribution and Differentiation of Rice Germplasm: Its Implications in Breeding

Latitudinal Distribution and Differentiation of Rice Germplasm: Its Implications in Breeding

Agro‐climate changes over Northeast Asia in RCP scenarios simulated by WRF

In-Frame and Frame-Shift Editing of the Ehd1 Gene to Develop Japonica Rice With Prolonged Basic Vegetative Growth Periods

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