“…Vice-principals were asked what they understood to be their roles vis-à-vis principals, what factors enabled or constrained their enactment of leadership, and how they dealt with constraints. Findings for the study's research question on the leadership roles of Singapore vice-principals have been reported in two articles (Ho, Kang, & Shaari, 2020;Ho, Shaari, & Kang, 2021). One article illustrates how Singapore vice-principals work with their principals to co-set directions, motivate staff, lead instruction and promote a desired culture (Ho, Shaari, & Kang, 2020), while the other explains how vice-principals lead from the middle as boundary spanners (Ho, Kang, & Shaari, 2020).…”